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Ch 7/8 Test Review
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Why are gems so much more valuable than other minerals? | They are rare, and can be cut and polished. |
What is the Mohs scale? | A scale classifying minerals according to hardness. |
Explain in 3 steps how a metamorphic rock could turn into a sedimentary rock and then back into a metamorphic rock. | 1. Erodes into sediment. 2. Compacts and cements into sedimentary rock. 3. Is squeezed and heated into metamorphic rock. |
What does the size of mineral crystals in igneous rock depend on? | How fast the magma cooled. |
What types of rock can be broken into fragments to form new sedimentary rock? | Igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary. |
What are some facts about minerals? | They have luster, cleavage/fracture, an atomic structure, are inorganic, solid, and found in nature. |
Explain what can happen to igneous rock in the rock cycle. | It can be eroded into sediment, melted, or put under heat and pressure. |
Explain what can happen to metamorphic rock in the rock cycle. | It can be eroded into sediment or melted. |
Explain what can happen to sedimentary rock in the rock cycle. | It can be weathered and eroded into sediment, melted, or put under heat and pressure. |
What does the word metamorphic mean? | Change of form. |
What does the rock cycle show? | That rocks are on a continuous journey. |
What are rocks called that are produced when magma or lava cools and hardens. | Igneous rock. |
How do rocks get classified as igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic? | By how they were formed. |
What properties are commonly used to identify minerals? | Streak, hardness, cleavage/fracture, color, and luster. |
What are some examples of fossil fuels? | Coal, oil, and natural gas. |
What is the most abundant fossil fuel? | Coal |
What do we call an amount of fossil fuel that can be extracted at a profit using current technology? | Reserve |
What is a thick, black liquid formed from the buried remains of microscopic marine organisms called? | Oil |
What is the process called that removes unwanted elements from metals? | Smelting |
A rare mineral that can be cut and polished, giving it a beautiful appearance. | Gem |
A model that shows how rocks are recycled from one type to another. | The rock cycle. |
A naturally occurring, inorganic solid with a definite structure and composition. | Mineral |
These are classified as igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. | Rocks |
A mineral that contains something that can be useful and sold after processing. | Ore |
Rocks that form when magma or lava cools. | Igneous |
Rocks formed when older rocks are heated and or squeezed. | Metamorphic |
Solid that has a repeating pattern of atoms. | Crystal |
Remains or trace of a once-living plant or animal. | Fossil |
Rocks formed when pieces of rocks, plant and animal matter, or dissolved minerals gather into layers. | Sedimentary |