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CHE-125 Ch. 4 & 5

QuestionAnswer
Octet Rule the most stable electron configuration is a completly full valence shell, which is sometime reffered to as "Nobel Gas Configuration"
Metal v.s. non-metal charges Metal: Positive charge, Non-metal: negative charge
Ionization Energy the energy needed to remove electrons from an atom. Metals have low I.E. and non-metals have high I.E.....IE decreases when going down a family.
Tranisiton Elements & Octet Rule Tranisition elements dont follow octet rule, metals still loose but how many is complicated.
Ionic Compounds Characteristics -all solids-very stornf bonds-crystalline(regular arrangment)-formula gives ratio-high melting points-generally soluable in water (soluable are electolytes)
Naming Positive Ions (Cations) ions w/1 possible charge (1A, IIA, IIIA) is just element name and "ion.".....ions w/more than one possible charge are element name+roman numeral for charge+ion
Naming Negative ions (Anions) Prefix + ide +ion
Polyatomic Ions group of atoms bound together (molecule) that has an overall charge
Acid ionic compound with H+ as the cation
Base ionic compound with OH- as the anion (Bases follow regular naming rules)
Naming Acids when H+ is paired with element Start w/ "hydro" root, then element root, then "ic." EX: HCI=hydrochloric acid
Naming Acids when H+ is paired with polyatomic ions Leave out H in name, root of polyatomic ion and add "ic." EX: H3PO4= phosphoric acid
Covalent Bonds e- are shared, formulas no longer simplify, formulas do not represent a ratio but a fixed unit
Dot stucture of Covalent Compound all atoms should have octet (excpetion is H)
Resonance Structure more than one correct dot/lewis structure. reality is the actual structure of molecules is somwehere in betweeM
VSEPR Valence.Sehll.Electorn.Pair.Repulsion
2 Groups of Electrons Linear 180
3 Groups of Electrons 120 Electron Structure: trigonal planar Molecular Structure: bent?
4 Groups of Electrons E Structure: Tetrahedral Molecular Structure: Bent ? 109
electronegativity attraction of atom or nuclues for a shaired pair of electrons
Created by: kaelin.steele
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