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Earth Movements
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Cast Fossil | A fossil that forms when a mold is filled in with minerals deposited by water - a three dimensional replica of the organism. |
Continent | One of the seven large masses of earth (Asia, Africa, Australia, Europe, North America, South America, and Antarctica) |
Continental Crust | The Layer of crust that contains the continents |
Continental Drift | The theory that the continents have moved vast distances around the earth over millions of years to reach their present location. |
Convection | The continuous cycle of heating and rising, cooling and sinking. |
Convection CUrrents | The circular path of a gas or liquid as it is heated and rises, spreads out, and then cools and sinks. |
Core | The earth's innermost layer. |
Crust | The thin, rocky, outermost layer of the earth. |
Earthquake | Vibrations in the earth's crust caused by the sudden release of energy due to shifting rocks along a fualt. |
Erupt | To break through; to force out suddenly and violently. |
Fault | A break or crack in the earth's crust where two plates slide past each other. |
Fossil | The remains of an organism that lived long ago, found preserved in rock. |
Geology | The study of earth and its history. |
Glacier | A huge, slow-moving mass of ice. |
Inner Core | The innermost layer of the earth which is made of solid metals (high temperatures and high pressure). |
Island | Land mass surrounded by water. |
Lava | Magma that comes out of a volcano. |
Lithosphere | Consists of the crust and upper-part of the mantle that is separated into the tectonic plates. |
Magma | The melted rock that makes up the mantle. |
Mantle | The thick fluid layer of earth on which the crust floats. |
Model | A smaller or larger version of an object used to represent the actual object. |
Mold fossil | An imprint left in a rock after the remains of an organism have disintegrated. |
Ocean floor | The surface of the earth's curst beneath the ocean. |
Mid-ocean ridge | A mountain range on the ocean floor. |
Ocean-floor spreading | The process by which hot magma from the mantle wells up in the boundary between two oceanic plates as they move away from each other - it results in the creation of the new crust. |
Oceanic crust | The layer of crust beneath the oceans. |
Pangaea | The name for the super-continent that scientists believe existed about 200 million years ago, in which all the present continents were once joined. |
Plate | A section of the earth's crust. |
Ring of Fire | A region of the earth in which many volcanoes and earthquakes occur (encircling the Pacific). |
Subduction | The process in which two plates collide and the edge of the denser plate sinks beneath the edge of the less dense plate, then melting back into the mantle. |
Trench | A deep, narrow valley in the ocean floor where subduction takes place. |
Vibrations | Rapid back and forth movements. |
Volcano | An opening in the earth's crust through which melted rock reaches the earth's surface. |