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60 8th grade vocabulary words
Question | Answer |
---|---|
absolute value | The distance of a number from zero; the positive value of a number |
area | Size a surface takes up measured in square units |
area of the base | Bottom face of a polyhedron which is multiplied by height to figure volume; denoted by capital B in formulas |
biased sample | Individuals or groups from the population are not represented in a sample |
box and whisker plot | A graph to show medians and distribution of data in quartiles |
circumference | Distance around a circle |
commission | A percentage of the money received from a total paid to the agent |
compound probability | Likelihood that 2 independent events will happen (probability of first times the probability of second) |
corresponding parts | Features situated in the same location in congruent figures |
diameter | Distance across a circle through the center |
dilation | Transformation that produces a figure of the same shape but different size |
dimensions | Measures of length, width, and height |
discount | A reduction in price usually based on a percentage |
equivalent ratio | Proportional relationship created by multiplying (scaling) by a form of one; cross products are equal |
factor | A whole numbers that can be divided exactly into a given number |
formula | Equation that states a rule for the relationship between certain quantities |
function | Relationship in which one value depends on the other (input & output) |
hypotenuse | Longest side of a right triangle which is opposite the right angle |
inequality | Not equal in size, amount, or value; greater or less than |
integers | Positive and negative whole numbers or zero |
interest | A charge for borrowed money generally a percentage of the amount still owed |
inverse operation | The opposite operation which will negate an operation |
irrational numbers | Numbers that cannot be expressed as fractions, terminating decimals, or repeating decimals |
lateral surface area | Sum of the areas of the side faces of a polyhedron |
legs | Sides that form the right angle of a right triangle |
linear | A relationship which has a constant rate of change; graphs as a straight line |
markup | An amount added to the cost price to determine the selling price |
multiple | Any number into which a given number will divide exactly |
negative correlation | As one variable increases, the other decreases; trends downward on a graph from left to right |
origin | The point (0,0) on a coordinate plane where the x-axis and the y-axis intersect |
outlier | Value in a data set that is noticeably higher or lower than the other values |
percent | A ratio that compares a number to 100 |
percent of change | A ratio that compares the change in a quantity to the original amount |
perfect square | A number whose square root is a whole number |
perimeter | Distance around a closed shape |
positive correlation | As one variable increases, the other increases; trends upward on a graph from left to right |
principal | A sum of money lent or invested on which interest is paid |
prism | Polyhedron with 2 parallel, congruent polygon bases |
probability | Mathematical likelihood of an event happening |
product | The answer to a multiplication problem |
proportional | Having a constant ratio with another quantity |
pyramid | Polyhedron with 1 polygon base and a pointed top |
Pythagorean Theorem | Sum of the squares of the legs of a right triangles equals the square of the hypotenuse |
Pythagorean Triple | Set of three numbers that work in the Pythagorean Theorem formula |
quadrants | The four sections of a plane divided by an x and y axis |
quotient | The answer to a division problem |
radius | Distance from the center of a circle to any point on the circle |
random sample | Sample in which each individual or object has an equal chance of being selected |
rational numbers | Numbers that can be expressed as terminating or repeating decimals |
reciprocal | Fraction flipped upside down; reciprocals multiply to 1 |
sample space | Set of all possible outcomes |
scale factor | Ratio of measurements of similar figures to describe the magnification (new/old) |
scatterplot | graph with points plotted to show a relationship between two variables |
scientific notaiton | A condensed way of writing very large or small numbers using powers of ten |
similar | A proportional figure with the same shape, but different size |
square root | One of the two equal factors of a number |
surface area | Sum of the areas of the faces of a geometric solid (square units) |
unit rate | A rate with a denominator of one |
Venn diagram | Circles to show the relationship between sets |
volume | Amount of space a geometric solid takes up (cubic units) |