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AS F332 halogens
AS chem OCR B halogens
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| where are the halogens on the periodic table? | group 7 - non-metals |
| what is the appearance of fluorine at room temperature? | a pale yellow gas |
| what is the appearance of chlorine at room temperature? | a green gas |
| what is the appearance of bromine at room temperature? | a dark red, volatile liquid |
| what is the appearance of iodine at room temperature? | a shiny black solid which sublimes (turns from a solid to a gas with no liquid phase) to form a purple vapour on heating |
| what colour is a solution of chlorine in water? | pale green |
| what colour is a solution of chlorine in hexane? | pale green |
| what colour is a solution of bromine in water? | red-brown |
| what colour is a solution of bromine in hexane? | red |
| what colour is a solution of iodine in water? | brown |
| what colour is a solution of iodine in hexane? | violet |
| What is the usual oxidation number of the halogens in compounds and what are the exceptions? | Fluorine is always -1 in compounds, the others are usually -1 unless they are attached to fluorine or oxygen when they become positive |
| what sort of bonding is formed within halogen molecules? | a single covalent bond |
| what is the strongest intermolecular force present in the halogens? | instantaneous dipole - induced dipole forces of attraction |
| why is iodine a solid at room temperature when chlorine is a gas? | there are more / stronger instantaneous dipole - induced dipole forces of attraction present in iodine as it is a larger molecule and has more electrons |
| what is a halide ion? | it is a halogen that has gained an electron to form a negative ion (e.g. F-) |
| how do halogens react with halides? | a more reactive halogen will displace a less reactive halide from its salt e.g. Cl2 + 2I- goes to 2Cl- + I2 |
| what is the pattern in the reactivity of the halogens? | Reactivity increases up the group (F>Cl>Br>I) |
| what is the pattern in electronegativity of the halogens? | Electronegativity increases up the group (F > Cl > Br > I) |
| what is the general reaction between silver ions and a halogen? | a precipitation reaction Ag+ (aq) + X- (aq) goes to AgX (s) |
| what are the colours of the precipitates of the silver halides? | silver chloride = white, silver bromide = cream, silver iodide = yellow |
Created by:
jmccreary
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