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Geology 112
2.3 - Vertical Energy Balance of the Earth-Atmosphere System
Question | Answer |
---|---|
The sun's core.... | 20,000,000 K, nuclear fision reactor converts hydrogen into heat energy |
The photoshpere...... | 6,000K, compared to the 300K on earth |
Radiative heat transfer..... | Anything above zero kelvin radiates, travels through vacuums at the speed of light |
Planck's Law..... | the hotter the surface, the shorter the wave hence , short wave long wave radiation |
Lamda max(wave length i think) for solar radiation..... | 0.5 mew meters (micro meters?) |
Lamda-max for terrestrial radiation..... | 10 mew meters |
The amount of solar radiation that arrives at the top of the atmosphere (solar constant)...... | 1,340 - 1370 W m-2, best estimate is 1367 W m-2 |
What happens to solar radiation as it passes through the atmosphere? | Absorbed, Scattered, Reflected OR Transmitted (allowed to continue its journey uninterupted) |
How much solar radiation is absorbed? | 18% by ozone and oxgen molecules |
High temperature in thermosphere because.... | high molecular energy |
The Troposphere is hot because... | long wave radiation from below |
Albedo is.... | reflectivity of matter to solar radiation |
Albedo trends.... | Snow, cumulus clouds are about 0.8, deserts oceans and sea ice range from 0.05 - 5.0 |
Overall Albedo of earth.... | 0.32 |
Amount of short wave radiation absorbed by the surface? | 50% |
How is the absorbed heat energy balanced? | IR radiation (long wave), latent heat (evaporation), convection (smart heat) |