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Munn, Monica NU

Potter Chapter 45

QuestionAnswer
Most nutrients and electrolytes are absorbed in the: Small Intestines
During the nursing assessment the client reveals that he has diarrhea and cramping every time he has ice cream. He attributes this to the cold nature of teh food. However, the nurse begins to suspect that these symptoms might be associated with: Lactose Intolerance
The nurse is assessing a 55-year-old client who is in the clinic for a routine physical. The nurse instructs the client to obtain fecal occult bood testing (FBOT): As part of a routine examination for colon cancer.
These agents decrease intestinal muscle tone to slow passage of feces: Antidiarrheal opiate agents
Diarrhea that occurs with a fecal impaction is the result of: Seepage of stoll around the impaction.
A cleaning enema is ordered for a 55-year-old client before intestinal surgery. The maximum amount given is: 750 to 1000 ml.
during the enema the client begins to complain of rectal bleeding. The nurse notes blood in the rectum fuid and rectal bleeding. The nurse's actions are to: Stop the instillation and obtain vital signs.
One of the greatest problems in caring for a client with an NG tube is: Maintaining comfort.
The stool discharge from an ostomy is called: Effluent
A nurse trained to care for ostomy clients is a (an): Enterostomal therapist.
Most nutrients and electrolytes are absorbed in the: Small Intestines
Which of the following should be included in the teaching plan for the client who is scheduled for gastroscopy? Avoid eating and drinking for 2 to 4 hours after the test.
Mrs. Anthony is concerned about her breast-fed infant's stool, stating that it is yellow instead of brown. The nurse explains to Mrs. Anthony that: The stool is normal for an infant.
After positioning a client in the bedpan, the nurse should: Raise the head of the bed 30 degrees.
The physician has ordered a cleansing enema for 7-year old michael. The nurse realizes the maximum volume to be given would be: 300 to 500 ml
Key Concepts (45) Mechanical breakdown of food elements, gastrointestinal motility, and selective absorption and secretion of substances by the large intestine influence the character of feces.
Key Concepts (45) Food high in fiber content and an increased fluid intake keep feces soft.
Key Concepts (45) Ongoing use of cathartics, laxatives, and enemas affects and delays normal defecation reflexes.
Key Concepts (45) vagal stimulation, ehich slows the heart rate, may occur during straining while defecating, taking rectal temperatures, enemas, and digital removal of impacted stool.
Key Concepts (45) The greatest danger from diarrhea is development of fluid and electrolyte imbalance.
Key Concepts (45) The location of an ostomy influences consistency of the stool.
Key Concepts (45) Assessment of elimination patterns should focus n bowl habits, factors that normally influence defecation, recent changes in elimnation, and a physical examination.
Key Concepts (45) Indirect and direct visualization of the lower gastrointestinal tract requires cleansing of the bowel before the procedure.
Key Concepts (45) The nurse should consider frequency of defecation, fecal characteristics, and effect of foods on gastrointestinal function when selecting a diet promoting normal elimination.
Key Concepts (45) Proper positioning on a bedpen allows the client to assume a position similar to squatting without experiencing muscle strain.
Key Concepts (45) Nasogastric intubation decompresses te gastric contents by removing secretions and gaseous products from the gastrointestinal tract.
Key Concepts (45) The purpose of gastric decompression are to keep the gastrointestinal tract free of secretions, reduce nausea and gas, and decrease the risk of vomiting and aspiration.
Key Concepts (45) Proper selection and use of an ostomy pouching system is necessary to prevent damage tot he skin around the stoma.
Key Concepts (45) Dangers during digital removal of stool include traumatizing the rectal mucosa and promoting vagal stimulation.
Key Concepts (45) Skin breakdown can occur after repeated exposure to liquid stool.
Masticate breaking food down into a size suitable for swallowing.
Order of food names Food in mouth, turns to bolus in esophagus, turns to chyme is small intestines, and defecate feces out the anus.
Valsalva Maneuver Pressure exerted to expel feces thru a voluntary contraction of the abdominal muscles while maintainting forced expiration against a closed airway. This will assist in stool passage.
Fiber teh undiigestible residue in the diet, provides the bulk of fecal material.
Paralytic Ileus Any surgery that involves direct manipulation of teh bowel temporarily stops peristalsis and lasts for about 24 to 48 hours.
Laxatives/Cathartics both help to maintain normal elimination patterns.
Constipation is a symptom, not a disease. Usually includes infrequent bowel movements, difficult evacuation of feces, inability to defecate at will, and hard feces.
Impaction A collection of hardened feces wedged in the rectum and cannot be expelled.
Diarrhea An increase in the number of stools and the passage of liquid, unformed feces.
Fecal Incontinence Is the inability to control passage of feces and gas from the anus.
Flatulence As gas accumulates in the lumen of the intestines, the bowel wall stretches and distends.
Hemorrhoids are dialated, engorged veins in the lining of the rectum.
Stoma A permanent artificial opening in the abdominal wall.
Colostomy/Ileostomy Surgical openings created in the colon or ileum with the ends of the intestine brought through the abdominal wall to create the stoma.
Enema is the instillation of a solution into the rectum and sigmoid colon to promote defecation by stimulating peristalsis.
Excoriation is an erosion or destruction of the skin by mechanical means, which appears in the form of a scratch or abrasion of the skin.
Bowel Training Involves setting up a daily routine and ateempting to defecate at the same time each day and using measures to that promote defecation, the client gains control of bowel reflexes.
Created by: aenoi1
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