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ECG CHAPT 2

The Cardiovascular System

QuestionAnswer
What is the function of the heart Pumps blood to and from all the tissues of the body
What is the AORTA Largest artery - transports blood from the left ventricl to the entire body
What is Depolarization Electrical activation initiates CONTRACTION of the heart muscles
What is POLARIZATION When the cardiac cells return to the RESTING phase of internal negativity
What is the CARDIA CYCLE Contraction and Relaxation of the heart
What is SYSTOLE The heart muscle CONTRACTS, creating pressure to open the pulmonary and aortic vlaves.
What is DIASTOLE When the heart chambers are RELAXING and filling.
What is ENDOCARDIUM Inner layer of the heart that lines the chambers and valves.
What is the MYOCARDIUM This is the MIDDLE LAYER, thickest muscular layer - Repsonsible for the heart contraction
What is the EPICARDIUM (AKA VISCEERAL PERICARDIUM) OUTSIDE,THIN LAYER of the heart that contains the coronary arteries; aka inner layer of pericardium
What is the PERICARDIUM Double Layer Sac that ENCLOSES the heart
What is the PARIETAL PERICARDIUM AKA EPICARDIUM
What type of VALVE is the AORTIC and WHERE is it located? SEMILUNAR VALVE - Between the LEFT Ventricle and the AORTA
What type of VALVE is the PULMONARY and WHERE is it located? SEMILUNAR VALVE - Between the RIGHT VENTRICLE and the PULMONARY ARTERY
What type of VALVE is the TRICUSPID and WHERE is it located ATRIVENTRICULAR and it seperates RIGHT ATRIUM and RIGHT VENTRICLE
What type of VAVLE is the MITRAL (BICUSPID)and WHEREis it located ANTRIVENTRICULAR and it SEPERATES the Left Atrium and LEFT VENTRICLE
How many Chabers does the heart have? FOUR
The TOP 2 CHAMBERS ARE? The RIGHT and LEFT ATRIUM
The bottom 2 Chambers are? The RIGHT and LEFT VENTRICLE
BETWEEN the LEFT and RIGHT VENTRICLE is a PARTITION what is it called? Interventricular Septum
What is know as THE WORK HORSE OF THE HEART? LEFT VENTRICLE
WHY> Because of its THICK MYOCARDIUM AND POWERFUL MUSCULAR CONTRACTION
Between the RIGHT ATRIUM and the RIGHT VENTRICLE is what VALVE? TRICUSPID VALVE
Between the LEFT ATRIUM and the LEFT VENTRICLE is what VALVE MITRAL VALVE (bicuspid valve)
These 2 VALVES are know as AV or ATRIOVENTRICULAR VLAVES...WHY? Because they divide the ATRIUM from the VENTRICLES
What does the PULMONARY ARTERY do? A large artery that carries DEOXYGENATED (no oxygen) BLOOD from the RIGHT VENTRICLE to the LUNGS
What does the AORTA ARTERY DO? THE LARGEST ARTERY OF THE BODY - Transporst OXYGENATED BLOOD from the left ventricle to the entire body
The PULMONARY and the AORTA ARTERY are called SEMILUNAR Valve....Why? because the valve flaps look like a half (semi) moon (lunar). Aortic Semilunar valve and the Pulmonary Semilunar Valve
The SEMILUNAR VALVES do what? They allow the heart to keep the blood flowing in the right direction. They open and close to prevent BACKFLOW
What are BLOOD VESSELS? Veins and Arteries that transport blood all over the body.
Name the 4 MAJOR BLOOD VESSELS that trasport blood to and from the heart VENAE CAVA - PULMONARY ARTERY - PULMONARY VEINS - AORTA
The SUPERIOR VENAE CAVA transports blood from where HEAD - ARMS and UPPER BODY
The INFERIOR VENAE CAVA transports blood from where THE LOWER BODY and LEGS
What is the Sinoatrial (SA) Node In the UPPER RIGHT ATRIUM that INITIATES THE HEART BEAT
What is the AtrIoventricular (AV) Node DELAYS the impulse to allow the atria to complete their contraction
What is AUTOMATICITY? The HEARTS ABILITY toINITIATE a beat without being stimulated (STARTS BY IT SELF)
What is CONDUCTIVITY The HEARTS ability to receive and send electrical impulses
What is CONTRACTILITY The hearts ability to SHORTEN in responce to an electrical stimulus
What system is the heartbeat controlled by? ANS-AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM - Meaning you have no conscious control over its funtions
Figure 2-9 CONDUCTION PATHWAYS Heartbeat>SA NODE > Travels to ATRIUM ot the AV NODE > Them impulse is divided between the RT and LT Bundle Branches > Travels to the APEX of the heart > Interventricular Septum > Bundle of Branches > Purkinje Fibers > Rt and Lt Ventricles > Contraction
WHAT IS KNOW AS THE "PACE MAKER" SA NODE - SINOATRIAL NODE
What does the SA NODE DO? Electrical impulses occur at the rate of 60 - 100 beats per min
What does the AV NODE DO? Delays electrical impulse
WHAT DOES THE BUNDLE OF HIS DO? CONDUCTS ELECTRICAL IMPULSES FROM THE ATRIUM TO THE VENTRICULAR
What does the bundle of branches do Conducts impulses down BOTH SIDES of the INTERVENTRICULAR SEPTUM
The NETWORK PURKINJE FIBERS DO WHAT Distributes the electrical impulses through the right and left ventricles.
The Componet " P WAVE" Has what appearnce? UPWARD SMALL CURVE - Heart Activity is when the ATRIAL DEPOLARIZATION WITH RESULTING ATRIAL CONTRACTION
What is the MOST IMPORTANT ELECTRICAL EVENT IN THE HEART? DEPOLARIZATION
Created by: spoon6464
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