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Intro to Ortho HP
H & P II-Spring
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Imagining the anatomy involved and the forces that acted on the anatomy to cause the injury | Mechanism of injury |
| Too tired to get out of bed | generalized weakness |
| Too tired to walk the stairs | muscle weakness |
| What patterns should we look for with pain sxs | patterns between stiffness and swelling may be arthritis |
| What six sxs should we ask our pt about pain | weakness, swelling, deformity, stiffiness, loss of fxn, and cracking/popping |
| How can we test radiation with a traumatic injury | ask associated paresthesia, weakness, loss of bowel or bladder |
| What must we ask our pt about their pain to get an idea of severity | Establish a Functional baseline, what is nl for them |
| Basic principles of orthopedic PE | Inspection, Palpation, ROM, Muscle testin, Motor/Sensory evaluation, Special tests |
| An easy way to test a patient’s nl orthopedic fxn | test their other extremeity |
| What thinkgs are we looking for during inspection | symmetry, deformity, inflammation/infection sigsn, edema, ecchymosis, muscular wasting, truma |
| What are we palpating for during an Ortho exam | Tenderness, temp, effusion, crepitus, bones, muscle tone/spasms, induration, soft tissue masses |
| What are we checking for Distal CMS | Circulation, Motion, Sensation |
| What scale is muscle tone measured on? Reflexes? | M: 1-5 R: 0-4 0: none, 4: Hyperactive w/ clonus |
| Serious of involuntary muscular contractions and relaxations | clonus |
| Fracture perpendicular to long axis of bone | transverse |
| Fracture diagonal to long axis of the bone | oblique |
| What actions should we avoid w/ oblique and spiral fractures | any axial force, causes sliding |
| Fracture caused by a twisting injury | spiral |
| Fracture through only one cortex | Greenstick |
| Fracture w/ buckling of the cortex | Torus |
| Fracture Caused by a tendon or ligament pulling a piece of bone off @ its origin/insertion | Avulsion (shearing away the bone,) |
| Fracture cased by a chronic injury | stress |
| Fracture caused by a crushing force | comminuted, (many pieces) usually associated with other types of fractures |
| Bone is exposed through skin, or with a cut/gash | Open fracture |
| What needs to be tested with an impacted fracture | Bone densities |
| Salter-Harris Classifications of fractures | I-V |
| S-H I fracture | Through the physis |
| S-H II Fracture | Though physis with extension to metaphysis |
| S-H V Fracture | Crush injury to the physis (Sometimes hard to distinguish b/w I |
| S-H III Fracture | Through physis w/ extension to epiphysis |
| S-H IV Fracture | Through metaphysis, pysis, and epiphysis |
Created by:
becker15
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