Save
Busy. Please wait.
Log in with Clever
or
show password
Forgot Password?
Don't have an account?  Sign up 
Sign up using Clever
or
Username is available taken
show password


Make sure to remember your password. If you forget it there is no way for StudyStack to send you a reset link. You would need to create a new account. Your email address is only used to allow you to reset your password. See our Privacy Policy and Terms of Service.

Already a StudyStack user? Log In

Reset Password
Enter the associated with your account, and we'll email you a link to reset your password.
focusNode
Didn't know it?
click below
 
Knew it?
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
0:00
edit
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.

  Normal Size     Small Size show me how

Phys Lect 9

QuestionAnswer
Motor End Plate the region of the muscle where the nerve synapses. It is a highly specialized region for chemical signal transmission.
Motor Unit Is a single muscle fiber and the motor nerve that innervates it.
What is the relationship between motor nerves and muscle fibers? Each muscle fiber is innervated by a motor nerve, but each motor nerve innervates several muscle fibers
What is the neurotransmitter used at the neuromuscular junction Acetylcholine (ACh).
What type of receptors reside on the muscle fiber at the neuromuscular junction? Nicotinic Receptors (Ionotropic receptors)
What enzyme is responsible for degredation of ACh in the neuromuscular junction? Acetylcholinesterase (AChE)
What type of synapse is the Neuromuscular junction? Chemical synapse
Is the muscle AP generated at the motor end plate? NO
what is generated at the motor end plate once the motor nerve releases ACh and they bind to nicotinic receptors? End Plate Potential (EPP). Large depolarization that then travels passively along the muscle membrane. IF large enough, they will activate voltage-gated Na+ channels.
Can EPPs have different amplitudes? YES, unlike APs, EPPs can have different amplitudes. **EX: When lifting heavier wgt, the motor nerve will fire APs faster which will create a larger EPP at the motor end plate leading to an AP/contraction in the muscle
What determines the level of EPP amplitude? The Level of neurotransmitter (ACh) released from the motor nerve.
Why would a high frequency of APs in the motor nerve increase the amplitude of the EPP at the motor end plate? A higher frequency of APs in the motor nerve will allow more Ca2+ into the terminal bouton and cause the release of more ACh into the neuromuscular junction. The increase in ACh will increase the amplitude of the EPP.
What is the direct cause of an EPP at the motor end plate? Opening of ACh nicotinic receptors. This generates the END PLATE CURRENT:(Na+ influx > K+ efflux) which leads to the EPP.
What occurs at a negative Em? No net positive Influx. which means there is more K+ efflux than Na+ influx
What ions are Nicotinic ACh receptors permeable to? Na+ and K+. At resting Em, the driving force for Na+ is much greater which allows a larger influx of Na+ than K+ efflux.
How many molecules of ACh are required to open the Nicotinic ACh receptors? 2
What terminates the End Plate Current The degredation of ACh by AChEsterase. This leads to a decay of the EPP and stops APs in the muscle fiber. **The Choline molecule is re-captured by the PREsynaptic motor neuron.
What is the result of AChEsterase Inhibition? ACh stays bound to the nicotinic ACh receptors, generating a continuous EPC -> EPP -> AP (muscle contraction).
How is ACh regenerated in the presynaptic motor neuron at the neuromuscular junction? Na+ - choline Symporter causes the re-uptake of choline into the motor nerve. Choline Acytltransferase: Choline + Acytl CoA = ACh
Neuromuscular transmission modification: Increased muscle AP 1.AChE Blockers.
Neuromuscular transmission modification: Decreased muscle AP 1.Na+ voltag-gated channel blockers in the motor nerve. 2.Ca2+ voltage-gated channel blockers in the terminal bouton. 3.Nicotinic ACh receptor blockers. 4.Na+ voltage-gated channel blockers in the muscle fiber.
Myasthenia-Gravis Autoimmune disease. Antibodies attack nicotinic ACh receptors which will lead to muscle weakness due to no EPP and AP. **Treatment: AChE blockers allowing ACh to hang around longer in the neuromuscular junction.
Lambert-Eaton Syndrome Autoimmune. Antibodies against presynaptic motor nerve Ca2+ channels.
Why do AChE blockers not work with Cobra Venom? the venom blocks all nicotinic ACh receptors which means the ACh in the neuromuscular synapse is ineffective no matter its concentration.
Why does muscle weakness progress throughout the day with Myasthenia-Gravis? Due to depletion of ACh. W/ decreased #/sensativity of nicotinic ACh receptors, more ACh is needed for each muscle contraction. Eventually the ACh stores in the motor nerve become depleted and the muscle can no longer contract (No ACh -> No EPP -> No AP)
Created by: WeeG
Popular Physiology sets

 

 



Voices

Use these flashcards to help memorize information. Look at the large card and try to recall what is on the other side. Then click the card to flip it. If you knew the answer, click the green Know box. Otherwise, click the red Don't know box.

When you've placed seven or more cards in the Don't know box, click "retry" to try those cards again.

If you've accidentally put the card in the wrong box, just click on the card to take it out of the box.

You can also use your keyboard to move the cards as follows:

If you are logged in to your account, this website will remember which cards you know and don't know so that they are in the same box the next time you log in.

When you need a break, try one of the other activities listed below the flashcards like Matching, Snowman, or Hungry Bug. Although it may feel like you're playing a game, your brain is still making more connections with the information to help you out.

To see how well you know the information, try the Quiz or Test activity.

Pass complete!
"Know" box contains:
Time elapsed:
Retries:
restart all cards