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A and P ch#16
The Endocrine system
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the Endocrine system? | The body's second contolling system, which influences metabolic activities of cells using other horomones. |
| What are the endocrine glands? | pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pineal, andf thymus. |
| What does the pancreas and gonads produce? | horomones, and exocrine products |
| The hypothalmus has what function, and releases what? | It has neural functions, and releases horomones |
| What are other tissues and organs that produce horomones? | adipose cells, pockets of cells in the cells in the walls of the small intestine, stomach, kidneys, and heart |
| what is secreted by cells into the extracellular fluids? | chemical substances |
| What regulates the metabolic function of other cells? | horomones |
| What are slow acting (seconds-hours) and have prolonged effects? | horomones |
| what are horomones classified as? | acid-based and steroids |
| horomones produce what cellular changes in target cells? | after plasma membrane permeability, stimulate protein synthesis, activate or deactivate enzyme systems, induce secretory activity, stimulate mitosis |
| What are the amino based horomones? | amines, thyroxine, peptide, and protein |
| What binds to receptors on plasma membranes and use second messengers like regulatory G proteins? | amino acide based horomones |
| What horomone uses gonadal and adrenocortical horomones? | steroids |
| What horomone uses direct gene activation? | steroids |
| Steroid horomone passes through the plasma membrane and goes directly to what? | nucleus |
| What causes DNA transcription to produce MRNA? | steroids |
| What is mRNA translated into? | proteins |
| What system are the blood level of horomones controlled by? | negative feedback |
| What varies only within a narrow range of feedback? | blood levels of horomones |
| What are horomones synthesized and released in response to? | humoral stimuli, neural stimuli, hormonal stimuli |
| What stimuli is used in secretion of horomones in direct response of changing blood levels of ions or nutrients? | humoral stimuli |
| With humoral stimuli low blood Ca stimulates the parathyroid glands to secrete what horomone which causesthe blood Ca to rise and the stimulus to be removed? | parathyroid hormone (PTH) |
| What stimuli uses nerves to stimulate horomone release? | neural stimuli |
| Neural stimuli in preganglionic sympathetic nervous system stimulate the adrenal medulla to secrete what? | catecholamines |
| what stimulus releases hormones in response to horomones produced by other endocrine glands? | horomonal stimuli |
| The hypothalmatic horomones stimulate what? | anterior pituitary |
| What horomones stimulate targets to secrete even more horomones? | pituitary horomones |
Created by:
ruthannreeder
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