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Science Chapter 5
Chapter 5 Vocab
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Reactant | Substance that undergoes a chemical change |
Product | Substance that is the result of a chemical change |
Chemical Energy | Energy stored within atoms and molecules that can be released when a substance reacts |
Exothermic Reaction | Reaction that transfers energy from the reactants to the surroundings usually as heat |
Endothermic Reaction | Reaction in which energy is transferred to the reactants usually as heat from the surroundings |
Synthesis Reaction | Reaction of at least two substatances that form a new, more complex compound Example: A+B--->AB |
Decomposition Reaction | Reaction in which one compound breaks into at least two products Example: AB--->A+B |
Electrolysis | The decomposition of a compound by an electric current |
Combustion Reaction | Reaction in which a compound and oxgeyn burn |
Single-Displacement Reaction | Reaction in which one element replaces another Example: XA+B--->BA+X |
Double-Displacement Reaction | Reaction in which two elements replace each other Example: AX+BY--->AY+BX |
Redox Reaction | Reaction that occurs when electrons are transferred from one reactant to another |
Radicals | The fragments of molecules that have at least one electron available for bonding |
Chemical Equation | An equation that uses chemical formulas and symbols to show the reactants and products in a chemical reaction |
Mole Ratio | The smallest relative number of moles of the substance involved in a reaction |
Catalyst | A substance that changes the rate of chemical reactions without being consumed |
Enzyme | A protein that speeds up a specific biochemical reaction |
Substrate | The specific substance affected by an enzyme |
Equilibrium | The state in which a chemical reaction and its reverse occur at the same time and at the same rate |