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Vasc3 quiz2
possible questions for quiz
| Question: | Answer: |
|---|---|
| #1 cause of graft failure: | Outflow bed disease |
| 3 Treatments for graft failure: | 1. Angioplasty 2. Thrombectomy 3. Repeat Graft placement |
| 7 Graft Surveillance Characteristics towatch for: | 1. Stenosis 2. Wall irregularity 3. Aneurysms 4. Pseudoaneurysm (graft blow out) 5. AV fistulas from non-ligated perforators 6. Partially excised valve leaflets 7. Neointimal hyperplasia |
| 7 Above Inguinal Ligament Grafts: | 1. Aorto-bifemoral 2. Femoral to femoral “jump” 3. Axillo-femoral 4. Ilio-femoral 5. Axillary-axillary 6. Carotid-carotid bypass 7. Aortic bypass |
| 5 Contraindications for Radial Artery Harvest: | 1. Ischemic digits 2. Raynaud’s syndrome 3. Ipsilateral athero-occlusive disease in arm 4. Sclerotic, atresic, or occluded artery 5. Incomplete palmar arch in hand |
| 3 Advantages of Radial Artery Harvest: | 1. Appropriate arterial tissue for CABG 2. Thicker walls, less intimal hyperplasia 3. Better availability |
| To determine suitability, scan entire length of GSV in transverse plane using _______ MHz transducer | 7.5-10MHz |
| Normal Grafts/Fistulas have _____ systolic velocities: ____-____cm/s | *High systolic velocities – 100-400 cm/s |
| Normal Grafts/Fistulas have _____ diastolic velocities: ____-____cm/s | *High diastolic velocities – 60-200 cm/s |
| For hemodialysis Graft Evaluation, Document with 2D & Doppler (in the following order): | 1. Native inflow artery 2. Arterial anastomosis 3. Body of graft (prox, mid, distal) 4. Venous anastomosis 5. Native outflow vein |
| for Hemodialysis Grafts, Arterial inflow proximal to graft/fistula should demonstrate __________ waveforms | low resistant |
| for Hemodialysis Grafts, Arterial flow distal to anastomosis should be _______ and have a ___________ waveform | antegrade, high resistant |
| stenosis in the efferent vein is usually caused by: | neo-intimal hyperplasia |
| Criteria for dialysis Fistula stenosis: | PSV >250 cm/s + >50% stenosis |
| Criteria for dialysis GRAFT stenosis: | *Mild – velocity increase <50% of preceding segment *Moderate – velocity increase between 50-99% of preceding segment *Severe – velocity increase >100% of preceding segment with a 50 % drop distally |
| Gold standard of grafts: | Reversed vein graft |
| 4 Below Inguinal Ligament Grafts: | 1. Synthetic (PTFE) graft 2. Reversed vein graft (Gold standard of grafts) 3. In situ fem-pop or fem-tibial graft 4. Femoral-infrapopliteal |
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