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Chapter 2 Section 4

QuestionAnswer
What are the two ways a rock can undergo metamorphism? Contact Metamorphism and Regional Metamorphism.
Explain contact metamorphism. Magma moves through the crust and then heats the surrounding rock and changes it. Magma can come into direct contact with the surrounding rock and the effect of the heat on rock gradually decreases as the distance of the rock increases from the magma.
Where does Contact Metamorphism usually occur? Near igneous intrusions.
Explain regional metamorphism. When pressure builds up in rock that is buried deep below other rock formations or when large pieces of the Earth's crust collide, regional metamorphism will happen. Pressure + Temperature makes the rock deformed and chemically changed.
Where does Regional Metamorphism happen? Beneath continental rock formations.
Explain how the mineral composition of rocks changes as the rocks undergo metamorphism. Minerals in the rock may not be stable enough in the new temperature and pressure conditions. So the original minerals change into different minerals that are more stable.
Describe the difference between foliated and nonfoliated metamorphic rock. Foliated rocks have a texture in which mineral grains are arranged in planes or bands and nonfoliated rocks have texture in which mineral grains are NOT arranged in planes or bands.
What are index minerals? Metamorphic minerals that form only at certain temperatures and pressures. They are used to estimate temperature, depth, and pressure at which a rock can undergo metamorphism.
Explain how metamorphic rock structures are related to deformation. Folds or bends in metamorphic rock are structures that show that a rock has been deformed.
What is deformation? Change in shape of rock caused by a force placed on it.
Created by: imzforever
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