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Anna K's midterm 1

Anna ks science midterm number 1

QuestionAnswer
What is the largest period of time? Eon.
Scientist classify rocks by... Composition and Texture.
When sedimentary rock is exposed to heat and pressure,what does it change into. metamorphic.
What time period do we live in? Cenozoic.
What is a cavity also known as? a mold.
what process forms sediment? weathering.
How did humans use rocks in the past? to make tools.
What type of texture does igneous rock have when magma cools slowly. course grained.
When magma cools quickly what kind of texture does the rock have? fine grained.
during the rock cycle what forms when magma cools. igneous rock.
besides clastic and chemical what is the other kind of sedimentary rock. organic.
what is the largest of all intrusive igneous rock formations. batholiths.
what has to increase for metamorphism to occur. tempurature and pressure.
what is it called when sediment is dropped and comes to rest. deposition.
when shale is exposed to light heat and pressure what foliated metamorphic rock does it become. slate.
name a course grained igneous rock. granite.
what does not cause magma to form an increase in pressure on rock.
besides heat what else causes a rock to undergo metamorphism pressure.
mud cracks form when fine grained sediments are exposed to the air and dry out.
what does lava flow out of on the earths surface fissures.
process in which crystals in minerals change in size or composition. recrystallization.
igneous rock that cools on the earths surface. extrusive igneous rock.
rocks made from animal or plant remain. organic sedimentary rock
rock that cools below the earths surface intrusive igneous rock.
layers found in sedimentary rocks. strata.
process by which new rocks form from old rocks. rock cycle.
solid mixture of one or more minerals and organic matter. rock.
metallic minerals do what. conduct heat very well.
what are the two major groups of minerals. silicates and non silicates.
silicate minerals must contain. silicon and oxygen.
non silicate minerals include. native elements.
halide combines with any element but... oxygen.
what is a mineral deposit large and pure enough to be mined called. ore.
a repeating pattern of atoms, ions, or molecules in a mineral is called. crystalline structure.
halides and oxides are classes of. non silicate minerals.
what is not a type of luster. super metallic.
on what surface does a fracture happen. curved.
what is the softest mineral on the mohs hardness scale. talc.
one of the most common silicate minerals is. feldspar.
more than 90%of the earths crust is made up of silicate minerals.
minerals that contain uranium or radium can be detected by using a Geiger counter.
what is used to make fireworks. carbonates.
used to make toothpaste. sulfates.
used to make batteries. sulfides.
copper and gold are examples of. native elements.
tear shaped bodies that form when magma moves upward. pegmatites.
in which ground water works its way downward and is heated by magma and then reacts with minerals. hot water solutions.
minerals formed when surface and groundwater carry dissolved materials into lakes where they crystallize. limestone's.
environment in which bodies of salt water dry up. evaporating salt water.
magma body that moves upward and cools before it reaches the surface forming crystals. pluton.
a catastrophe would be an astroid hitting the earth.
what kind of scientist studies the history of plants and animals. paleontologist.
how does a geologist know that a rock layer has been undisturbed. rock layers are horizontal.
what is a fault. a break in the earths crust.
what does a scientist need to know to figure out the absolute age of a rock. the rate of decay for a radioactive element in the rock.
which era ended with the largest mass exinction in the earths history. palezoic.
in which era did birds and small mammals begin to evolve. mesezoic.
what does the fossil and rock record represent. geologic time.
erosion is one of the major causes of the missing rock layers known as. unconformities.
what do geologist use to date rock layers. index fossils.
what would best describe the geologic column. ideal.
what happens during radioactive decay. radioactive isotopes break down into stable isotopes of other elements.
what process always occurs at a constant rate. radioactive decay.
how does a geologic column help geologist. it helps them identify rock layers.
during which eon were the earliest known rocks formed on earth. archean.
Created by: kirbymagic
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