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Veterinary Microbio
VETERINARY-Bacteriology Basics
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What are the differences between Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes? | Prokaryotes lack a true nucleus, have membrane organelles, + divide by binary fission. Eukaryotes have nucleus, nuclear membrane, chromosomes, divide by mitosis |
Name the protists found in Eukaryotic classification | Protozoa, fungi, most algae |
Name the protists found in Prokayrotes | All bacteria |
What are the 2 principle forms of bacterial morphology? | Cocci + Bacilli |
Name the 4 types of cocci morphology | Diplococci, streptococci, staphylococci, sarcinae |
Name the 5 types of bacilli morphology | Bacilli, coccobacilli, vibrio, spirilla, spirochete |
What are the functions of a bacterial cell wall? | Protects against damage, responsible for shape, cell division, antigenic differences |
The cell wall contains antigens. True or False? | True |
Name 3 functions of antigens on the bacterial cell wall | 1) Involved in host defence 2) Serological identification in lab 3) Site of action of some antibiotics |
What is a major component of a bacterial cell wall? | Peptidoglycan |
List the characteristics of a gram + bacterial cell wall | 1) Has 2 layers 2) Thick peptidoglycan layer 3) Has teichoic + lipoteichoic acids 4) Stains purple with crystal violet |
List the characteristics of a gram - bacterial cell wall | 1) 3 layers 2) Thin peptidoglycan layer 3) Has phospholipids, lipoproteins, lipopolysaccharides (endotoxin) 4) Dies red/pink with safranin red |
List the 6 steps involved in a gram stain | 1) Make bacterial smear 2) Fix cells to slide with heat 3) Stain with crystal violet 4) Fix stain with iodine 5) Decolorize with alcohol 6) Counter stain with safranin red |