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Vital Signs
vital signs
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Body Temperature is regulated by: | the hypothamlus (in the brain) referred to as the "body's thermostat" |
| Name four ways in which heat is produced in the body | 1) movement of voluntary & involuntary muscles (2) Cell metabolism, (3) Fever (4) Strong Emotional States |
| List four ways in which heat is LOST from the body | 1) Urine & Feces elimination 2) Moisture droplets from the lungs (3) Persperation (thru ducts in skin) (4) Conduction, Radiation, Convection |
| What is the normal body temperature range? | 97- 99 degrees F |
| How do diurnal variantions affect body temperature? | During sleep body metabolism slows down as do muscle contractions (remember, muscle movement creates heat, sleep = less movements) |
| How does vigorous physical exercise affect body temperature? | Can cause body to elevate body temp (the more the muscles move the more heat is created) |
| Name the factors that contribute to variations in Body Temperature: | 1) Age, (2) Diurnal variations (3) Emotional States(4) Enviroment (5) Excercise (6) Patient's normal body temperature, (7) Pregnancy |
| Variations in Body Temperature by AGE: Newborn (table 19-2) | Newborn 97-100 Axillary |
| Variations in Body Temperature by AGE: 1 Yr. | 1 Yr. 99.7 Oral |
| Variations in Body Tempeature by AGE: 5 Yr. | 5 Yr. 98.6 Oral |
| Variations in Body Temperature by AGE: Adult | ORAL 98.6 Rectal is one degree higher 99.6 Axillary is one degree lower 97.6 Aural is the same 98.6 Elderly > 79 = 96.8 |
| List the three fever patterns: | 1) Continuous Fever 2) Intermittent Fever 3) Remittent Fever |
| Describe Continous Fever: | Body temperature fluctuates minimally but always remains elevated. (Scarlet Fever & Pneumonia) |
| Describe Intermittent Fever: | Body temperature alternately rises and falls and at times returns to normal or becomes sub normal (Bacterial & Viral infections) |
| Describe Remittent Fever: | Wide range of temperature fluctuations occur, all of which are above normal. (Influenza, Pheumonia, Endocarditis). |
| What are the 5 different ways of taking a temperature | Assessment sites are: 1) Orally 2) Axillary, 3) Rectal, (4) Aural (5) Forehead |
| Describe the location of the following sites: 1) Oral 2) Axillary 3) Rectal (4) Aural (5) Forehead | 1) Oral = Mouth, 2) Axillary = armpit, 3) Rectal = rectum, 4) Aural = ears, 5) Forehead = temporal to corotid artery |
| Factors affecting pulse rate | 1) Age, 2) Gender, 3) Physical Activity 4) Emotional States, 5) Metabolism 6) Fever, 7) Medications |
| Name the pulse sites: | 1) Temporal=temple 2)Cartoid=neck 3)Apical = heart 4) Brachial=arm@antecubical 5) Radial 6)ulnar 7) Femorial=thigh)8)Popliteal=behind knee 9) Posterior Tibial (end of tibia, near ankle) 10) Dorsalis Pedis foot |
Created by:
dwall2674
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