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Molecular Science
21st Century Study Words
Question | Answer |
---|---|
genetics | study of heredity |
heredity | passing of traits from parents to offspring |
inherited traits | traits that are passed from parents to their offspring |
traits | characteristics |
chromosomes | threadlike structures in the nucleus of a cell that control heredity |
genes | parts of chromosomes that control inherited traits |
DNA | chemical contained in chromosomes, the code of life |
replication | process by which DNA is duplicated |
dominant gene | gene that always shows itself |
hybrid | having two unlike genes |
recessive gene | gene that is hidden when the dominant gene is present |
blending | combination of genes in which a mixture of both traits shows |
sex-linked traits | traits that are controlled by the sex chromosomes |
inherited disease | disease caused by an inherited gene |
genetic engineering | methods used to produce new forms of DNA |
gene splicing | moving a section of DNA from the genes of one organism to the genes of another |
sex chromosomes | X and Y chromosomes, males are XY, females are XX |
allele | different forms a gene may have for a trait |
incomplete dominance | both alleles are expressed in offspring |
Punnett square | chart that shows possible gene combinations |
genotype | the genetic makeup of an organism |
phenotype | the way an organism looks and behaves as a result of its genotype |
homozygous | an organism with two alleles that are exactly the same |
polygenic inheritance | occurs when a group of gene pairs acts together to produce a single trait |
heterozygous | an organism that has two different alleles for a trait |