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Middle Ages
history for mr.westricks class 11/17
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Anglo Saxons | Northern Germany, Southern Scandinavia, spread to Northern France and Britain |
Celts | Ireland and Scotland, spread to Spain, Eastern Europe,, head hunting |
Franks | German, Clovis-leader, Christianity |
Huns | from Central Asia,Attila was leader in 445 AD, went to Rome put victims heads on poles to warn others |
Vandals | German, Gaiseric was leader who moved to Africa, became pirates in 429AD |
Vikings | Scandinavia, Iceland,Britain,Greenland,NA, sailors decorated boats |
Feudalism | social structure, lords and vassals |
Lords | rulers |
Vassals | lords "servants" |
Peasants | lowest level, huts with dirt floors |
Serfs | slaves, bound to the lords for life, almost no rights, could become free if they ran away and stayed away for a year and a day |
Primogeniture | giving the land,money,and titles to the oldest son |
Page | 7, placed under the care of a lord or knight |
Squire | 13, took a consecrated sword from a bishop or priest and swore to use it for religious and honorable purposes |
Chivalry | the qualities idealized by knighthood:bravery, courtesy,honor, and gallantry towards women |
Heraldry | how you came up with and designed your families coat of arms |
Castle | home of kings and nobles |
Keep | main castle |
Curtain | inner and outer walls surrounding the castle |
Great Hall | huge multipurpose room |
Solar | family room |
Moat | water surrounding the castle to keep invaders out |
Guilds | group of merchants |
Apprentice | 13,lives with a master(2-7 years) |
Journeyman | mid 20's,paid to stay with master and produce masterpiece with his own materials and money |
Master Craftsman | after masterpiece was approved by guilds they opened their own business |
Reasons for harsh punishment | leaders wanted to prove they were powerful |
Most common crimes | stealing,treason,heresy,witchcraft,vagrancy |
Brank | metal cage over your head to embarrass you |
Pear of anguish | four leaves that slowly spread apart to rip up your mouth |
Rack | two rollers that were used to pull your limbs apart |
Wheel | tied to a wheel, every time you came back around you were hit with a hammer |
Sprinkler | filled with molten sliver and thrown at your face |
How the church influenced daily life | baptized,prayers,attended church, paid taxes,weddings, last rites,funeral services |
Pope | father-leader |
Monks | contact with people on daily basis,spread the word of the church |
Nuns | brides of Christ |
Excommunication | banned from a church or religion |
Monastery | home where monks lived |
Scriptorium | where monks copied the bibles by hand |
University | church schools used when the monastery ran out of room |
Importance of artwork in churches | most people couldn't read so the artwork told them the stories of the bible |
Pilgrimages | journeys made to religious places |
Reasons for the crusades | to win back the holy land |
How the black death came to Europe | fleas on rats |
Symptoms | swollen lymph nodes trembling coughing blood high fever |
How people reacted | fled to the country side converted to Christianity and didn't touch each other |
Who was blamed | Jewish |
How it helped to end feudalism | many people died, there wasn't many lords or vassals left, fewer serfs, paid serfs, more people in the cities |