Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
PHYS4
Reproduction I
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the primary reproductive organs? And what do they generally produce? | Testes and ovaries; produce hormones and gametes |
| What are accessory reproductive organs? | ducts and glands |
| What is the central organ responsible for the production of sex hormones? | Hypothalamus |
| What hormone secreted by the hypothalamus does this? And where does it act? | GnRH that acts on anterior pituitary |
| What does it do at the ant. pituitary? | Makes it release gonadotropoins like FSH and LH |
| What are steroid sex hormones released in response to FSH and LH for females? Males? | Estrogen and progrestrone for females and adrogens for males |
| GAMETE PRODUCTION | GAMETE PRODUCTION |
| What are gametes? Give examples of them AND their location? | reproductive cells; like the ova (ovaries) and spermatozoa (testes) |
| What are teh stages of gametogensis? | Mitosis then meiosis |
| When does mitosis become predominat? | Fetal development |
| What are teh steps of haploid cell formation? | Start with diploid cell-->mitosis-->1st dvision- of meiosis-->2nd division of meiosis-->haploid cell |
| What happens in the first division/ | Crossing over |
| So, what two core things happen in meisosi? | Crhomosomes replicate (92 total) and crossing over occurs |
| In crossing over, exchange of genes between what takes place? | Homologous chromosomes |
| Corssing over serves to? | combine mom and dad's DNA to 2^23 possibilities |
| In SECOND meiotic division, what key things must be noted? | 1. no replication of DNA, sister chromatids divide |
| TESTES | TESTES |
| What are the testes responsible to produce? | adronogens (testrostrone), and sperm |
| When does sperm production in males start? stop? | starts in puberty and doesn't stop |
| Where is spterm produced? What is involved in sperm production? | Made in seminiferous tubules with the help of sertolli cells. |
| What activates sertolli cells? | FSH |
| What is the role of leydic cells? | secrete testrostrone w/ help of LH |
| What comprises teh structure of sperm (describe each) | Head (has DNA), Acrosome (penetrate egg), midpiece (mitochondria for movement) and flaggellum |
| Sperm gets into the sertolli cells to differentiate, how does it get out? Describe teh strucutre of the sertolli cells: | Tight junctions prevent stuff from coming in, but does let Primary spermatocytes out |
| What factors influence sperm development? | Abs, drugs, temp |
| Does environment play a role more in females or males? What is important in the other one? | Males > females; in utero in females is important |
| What is responsible to store sperm? | Epididymis and Vas Deferens |
| What secretes important stuff to make semen? | Bulbourethral glands |
| What secretes the bulk of semen? | Seminal vesicles and prostate gland |
| What is the transport path of sperm? | 1. Seminiferous tubules, 2. epididymis, 3. Vas deferens 4. Ejaculatory ducts 5. Urethra |
| What two signals initiate erections? | CNS input and somatosensory input to penis |
| What are the steps invovled in an erection? | Inihibit sympathetic-->increase parasympathetic reflex-->release NO-->Vasodilate-->compress veins (blood can't leave, so erection lasts for some time) |
| What are teh two phases of ejaculation? | Emission and expulsion |
| Emission steps involved? | Sympathetic input-->contraction of stuff that has to do with sperm travel path--> secretion into urethra |
| Expulsion involves? | Smooth muscle contracts in Urethra and skeletal muscle of penis expel semen |
| So what is the key different b/w erection and ejaculatioN? | Erection is the inhibition of sympathetic activitiy but ejaculation is stimulation of sympathetic activity |
| What strongly influences sperm development? | Testrostrone |
| What does FSH do to sertoli cells? | Makes them produce adrogen bidning protein |
| What does ABP do? | stimulates spermatogensis |
| What is the role of LH? | Binds to Leydig cells to stimulate secretion of testostrone and estrogen |
| What does testrone do? (3 things) | Acts on sertoli cells by diffiusing to help differentiate sperm; 2. get into blood to make hair, bone (estrogen)...3. negative feedback on hypothalmase to decrease GnRH and LH (less testrostone made) |
| What is the impact of anabolic steroids on sperm, testrone and muscle mass? | Decrease sperm and testrostrone, but increase muscle mass |
| What is teh action of inhibin AND what is it produced by? | Made by sertolli cells, inhibits release of GnRH and FSH |
| When are inhibin levels high? | When sperm count is high |
Created by:
talkglitter2486