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AP Lang - Vocab
General Terms for AP Language Vocab Quiz at PRHS
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Logos | An appeal based on logic or reason. |
| Pathos | An appeal based on emotion. |
| Ethos | An appeal based on the character or qualifications of the speaker |
| Satire | A work that uses ridicule, humor, and wit to criticize and provoke change in human nature and institutions |
| Rhetoric | The art of ethical persuasion |
| Tone | The author's implicit attitude toward the reader of the people, places, and events in a work revealed by elements of style |
| Irony of Situation | Where there is an incongruity between expectations and the actual events |
| Verbal Irony | A figure of speech incongruous to its meaning |
| Connotation | Associations and implications that go beyond the literal meaning of a word |
| Euphemism | The substitution of a mild or less negative word or phrase for a harsh or blunt one |
| Understatement | The opposite of hyperbole |
| Pun | A play on words |
| Hyperbole | Boldly exaggerated statement that adds emphasis without intending to be literally true |
| Colloquialism | A word, phrase, or form of pronunciation that is acceptable in casual conversation but not in formal, written communication |
| Imagery | A concrete representation of an object or sensory experience |
| Paradox | A statement that appears illogical or contradictory at first, but may actually point to an underlying truth |
| Non Sequitur | A support for an argument that doesn't connect logically to the actual claim (car commercial with girl and waterfall) |
| Anecdote | A brief narrative of an interesting, amusing, or biographical incident; in rhetoric used to illustrate a point |
| Alliteration | Repetition of the same consonant sounds in a sequence of words |
| Metaphor | A figure of speech that expresses an idea through the image of another object; doesn't use "like" or "as" |
| Personification | A figure of speech that gives human qualities to abstract ideas, animals, and inanimate objects |
| Synechdoche | A figure of speech in which a part represents the whole (wheels for car or threads for clothes) |
| Simile | Comparison using "like" or "as" to compare dissimilar things |
| Apostrophe | A comment, question, or request addressed to an inanimate object or concept to a nonexistent or absent person |
| Allegory | A narrative technique where characters represent abstract ideas or things, and are used to teach a lesson or convey a message (Animal Farm) |
| Allusion | An indirect reference to a familiar literary or historical person or event |
| Loose Sentence | Sentence in which the main idea comes first ("Old habits persist, even where people want better relations") |
| Periodic Sentence | Sentence where the main idea appears last ("Even where people want better relations, old habits persist") |
| Inversion | Yoda-style ("Long is the way back to my car") |
| Rhetorical Question | Question meant to inspire thought rather than an answer ("Why do old habits and reflexes persist?") |
| Anaphora | Repetition of beginning words or phrases |
| Epistrophe | Repetition of concluding words or phrases |
| Asyndeton | Omission of conjunctions where they would customarily appear ("We use words like honor, code, loyalty") |
| Polysyndeton | Inclusion of conunctions where they would not customarily appear ("the vitality and the force and the hope and the determination of the city of West Berlin") |
| Parallel Structure | Similarity of syntactic structure in successive words or phrases |
| Antithesis | Deliberate juxtaposition of two contrasting ideas |
| Straw Man | Refuting a caricatured argument or extreme version of somebody's argument, rather than the actual argument they've made |
| Post Hoc | Assuming that A caused B just because A occurred before B |
| Either-Or | Assuming there are only two alternatives when there are in fact more |
| Circular Reasoning | I'm hot 'cause I'm fly, you ain't 'cause you're not |
| Overgeneralization | Drawing a broad conclusion from a small number of perhaps unrepresentative cases |
| False Analogy | A fallacy comparing things that resemble each other but are not alike in the most important respects ("Putting native americans on reservations is like sentencing them to death row") |
Created by:
kanavulator
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