click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Geography Def. 1
Geography
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Glaciation | Process in which glaciers form and spread |
Loess | Fine, rich, wild-borne soil left |
Dike | Large banks of earth and stone |
Polders | Low-lying area from which seawater has been drained to create new farmland |
Fjords | Long, narrow steep-sided inlets |
Permafrost | Soil that is permanently frozen below the surface |
Timberline | The elevation above which trees cannot grow |
Mistral | Strong North wind from the Alps |
Siroccos | Hot, dry winds from North Africa |
Foehn | Blows down from the mountains into valleys and plains |
Avalanche | Destructive masses of ice, snow, and rock sliding down mountainsides |
Immigrant | Person who comes to a country to take up permanent residence |
Refugee | Person who flees to another country for safety |
Middle Ages | A.D. 500-A.D. 1500; known as the period between modern and ancient times |
Feudalism | System in which monarchs or lords gave land to nobles in return for pledges of loyalty |
Reformation | Religious movement of the 1500s that lessened the power of the Roman Catholic Churches and introduced Protestantism to Europe |
Enlightenment | Movement to value reason and question tradition |
Industrial Revolution | Transformed manufacturing in Europe by replacing human labor with machines |
Industrial Capitalism | Economic system in which owners used profits to expand their companies |
Communism | Philosophy that called for economic equality and ownership resources by workers |
Cold War | Power struggle between the Soviet-Controlled Communist world and the non-communist world |
European Union | Organization whose goal is to unite Europe so that goods, services, and workers can move freely among member countries |
Welfare States | Nation in which the government assumes major responsibility for people's well-being in areas such as health and education |
Romanticism | Focused on emotions, stirring historical events, and the struggles of individuals |
Guest Worker | Foreigner who works on a temporary basis in a country other than ones in which they are citizens |
Crusades | A series of brutal religious wars |
Reparations | Payment for damages |
Holocaust | Mass killing of more than 6 million European Jews |
Realism | Focused on accurately depicting the details of everyday life |
Impressionist | Moved outdoors to capture immadiate experiences |
City-State | Separate communities |
Renaissance | Europe's period of artistic and intellectual achievement |
Balkanization | The division of a region into smaller regions that are often hostile to each other |
Ethnic Cleansing | The expelling from a country or killing of rival ethnic groups |
Heavy Industry | The manufacturing of machinery and industrial equipment |
Light Industry | Manufacturing aimed at making consumer goods such as textiles or food processing rather than heavy machinery |
Mixed Farming | Raising several kinds of crops and livestock on the same farm |
Farm Cooperative | Organizations in which farmers share in growing and selling products |
Genetically Modified Food | Foods with genes altered to make them bigger or faster or be more pest-resistant |
Organic Farming | Using natural substances instead of chemicals to increase crop yields |
Maastricht Treaty | Set up the European Union |
Dry Farming | Way of farming in dry areas that produces crops without any irrigation and relies on farming methods that conserve soil moisture |
Acid Rain | Precipitation carrying large amounts of dissolved acids which damages buildings, forests, and crops, and kills wildlife |
Meltwater | The result of melting snow and ice |
Acid Deposition | Wet or dry acid pollution that falls to the ground |
Environmentalist | Person concerned with the quality of the environment |
Global Warming | Gradual warming of the earth and it's atmosphere that may be caused in part by pollution and an increase in the greenhouse effect |