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Path lab block 3
facts not in lecture
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| risk factors for benign fibroadenoma of the breast (versus malignancy) | younger pt (<30), mass is long-standing, mobile and appears to have smooth, well defined borders. AA women get multiple fibroadenomas |
| Fibroadenoma of the breast | collagenous stroma and distorted, slit-like, elongated ducts |
| risk factors for benign hamartoma of the lung | non-smoker, male, asymptomatic, 45-60 yo, nodule is well demarcated, relatively small and has central calcifications Chromosomal aberrations of 12q and 6p have also been found in chondroid or cartilaginous hamartomas |
| histology of benign hamartoma of the lung | benign appearing mature cartilage and trabecular bone. The calcified bone corresponds to the calcifications seen in the lesion on imaging. The tissues appear well-differentiated |
| malignant tumor of the lung histology | tumor consists of large epithelial cells in sheets. Some of the cells have open- appearing nuclei, others are dark and irregular with a high nuclear:cytoplasmic ratio. Occasional keratin formation is seen. Intercellular bridges may be present |
| risk fators/signs for malignancy of the lung | male, smoking, weight loss, cough or hemoptysis are signs |
| invasive breast adenocarcinoma appearance/histology | non-calcified, ill defined solid mass with irregular and infiltrative margins non-calcified, ill defined solid mass with irregular and infiltrative margins |
| does a female pt having a sister who got breast cancer at age 70 put her at higher risk for breast cancer | likely not as significant since her sister was diagnosed at an older age (70 years) |
| appearance of liposarcoma | MRI shows large, lobulated mass with prominent thin and thick septa. grossly tumor appears well-circumscribed, close resemblance to fatty tissue-pale yellow and homogeneous in appearance compared to the adjacent normal fat MALIGNANT |
| histology of liposarcoma | fat cells w/ areas of fibrous tissue. Enlarged hyperchromatic cells w/ irregular nuclei scattered among normal adipocytic nuclei. Rare cells are immature adipocytes w/ small cytoplasmic vacuoles which sharply indent/scallop the nucleus (lipoblast) |
| Dedifferentiated liposarcoma - facts and histology | well-differentiated liposarcoma component adjacent to a pleomorphic high-grade sarcoma component - dedifferentiated liposarcoma - hypercellularity, spindle cells, pleomorphic, high mitotic rate - 15-30% chance of metastases, more aggressive local growth |
| poorly differentiated breast carcinoma pathology | sheets of pleomorphic cells with hyperchromasia, prominent nucleoli, coarse chromatin, and an increased nuclear:cytoplasmic ratio. The tumor has a prominent associated lymphocytic infiltrate. Duct formation is not readily identified |
| what tests would you order for a poorly differentiated breast carcinoma? | Estrogen and progesterone receptor expression, HER2/neu amplification (RTK - protooncogene), or BRCA1/2 mutations (TSG) |
| Neuroendocrine tumor/carcinoid tumor diagnosis | An immunostain for CD56, synatophysin, chromogranin immunostain. Neuroendocrine tumor cells: round, monotonous, "salt and pepper" chromatin, scant cytoplasm, eosinophilic neuroendocrine granules (and maybe rosettes), well defined nests |
| goodpasture syndrome | Type II hypersensitivity - anti BM Ab attacks glomerular BM and alveolar BM |
Created by:
erupe
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