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Genetics Exam II (3)
HU: Frankel
Question | Answer (1) | Answer (2) |
---|---|---|
translation | taking nucleic acids and translating them to amino acids | N/A |
6 things needed for initiation | 1) mRNA 2) ribosomes 3) initiator tRNA 4) initiation factors (IF-1, IF-2, IF-3) 5) magnesium ions 6)GTP | N/A |
"E-site" | exit site | where tRNA's are released |
"A-site" | aminoacyl binding site | where next tRNA will attach |
4 things needed for elongation | 1) charged tRNAs 2) elongation factors(EF-Tu, EF-Ts, EF-G) 3) GTPs 4) peptidyl transferase | N/A |
What does GTP do in elongation? | gives the energy required to transfer the charged tRNA | N/A |
2 things needed in termination | 1) release factors (RF-1, RF-2, RF-3) 2) GTP | N/A |
What codons do RF-1 recognize? | UAG or UAA | N/A |
What codons do RF-2 recognize? | UGA or UAA | N/A |
aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase | required for activation of amino acids | N/A |
EF-G | catalyzes translocation | N/A |
EF-Tu & GTP | places tRNA in the "A site" | N/A |
post-transcription occurs where? | eukaryotes | in the nucleus |
translocation | messenger moves down the ribosome (shifts one codon) | N/A |
peptidyl transferase | catalyzing peptide bond | N/A |
Suedberg units | sedimentation coefficients | big#- big molecules small#- small molecules |
30s | divides into 23s, 16s, 5s (in prokaryotes) | not additive |
spacial DNA | eukaryotic rRNA has this due to exons (not transcribed) | N/A |
45s | divides into 28s, 18s, 5.8s (in eukaryotes) | 5s comes off of different gene sequence |
"P-site" | peptidyl binding site | where tRNA's anticodons attach to the codons of the mRNA |