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DENTAL MATERIALS
POLYMERS
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The use of polymers was made possible by -----when he created vulcanized rubber. | Charles Goodyear |
| 15-20 years later the material was introduced as a denture base called ----- or ------- | Ebonite or Vulcanite |
| Large long molecules formed by smaller molecules called monomers. | Polymers |
| When small molecules are different but compatible they are called ------- | copolymer |
| Chemical reaction that links the monomers together is called | polymerization |
| Polymers are plastics such as | acrylics and plexi-glass |
| Long linear chains of molecules that can be heated, molded or shaped and may be remelted and reprocessed. SOFT and FLEXIBLE | Thermoplastic polymers |
| Cross-linked chains of molecules that cannot be heated or remolded, a chemical change takes place and they need to be in their final shape when polymerization takes place. | Thermoset polymers. |
| Denture bases, acrylic teeth and retainers are examples of what type of polymer? | Thermoset |
| Polymerization of acrylics are referred to as | Addition Polymerization |
| Most common form of polymerization | Addition polymerization |
| Composite resins, cements, sealants, and adhesives all set by way of ----------- | Addition polymerization |
| What are acrylic resins used for? | temporary crowns, custom trays, and base plate for dentures. |
| Most commonly used resin | cold cure or chemically cured |
| Liquid: MONOMER | Methyl Methacrylate |
| What is added to improve the toughness of the material? | A cross-linking agent |
| What is added to prevent premature polymerization during storage? | An inhibitor |
| What is the most commonly used inhibitor? | Hydroquinone. |
| Cold cure or chemically activated......powder: | Polymethylmethacrylate polymer |
| What is the cross-linking agent used in heat cured to improve the toughness of the material and help prevent craze lines? | Glycol Dimethacrylate |
| What type of cured material uses a type of "pressure cooker?" | heat cured |
| Steps in Addition Polymerization: | 1. Initiation 2. Propagation 3. Termination |
| 1. Initiation | Begins the addition polymerization |
| 2. Propagation | Growth or lengthening of the monomer chain |
| 3. Termination | Termination of polymerization |
| Heat activated: Acrylic resins are typically activated with -------as the initiatior and ------- as the activator. | benzoyl peroxide, heat |
| Light activated and dual cure composites are being introduced for | temporary crowns and custom trays |
| Name one advantage and disadvantage of light activated and dual cured resins: | advantage-stronger than acrylic disadvantage-price needs to come down |
| Example of an acrylic appliance: | Orthodontic retainers |
| Teeth for dentures may be ------or----- | acrylic or porcelain |
| Acrylic based soft liners for dentures are | heat or cold cured |
| What is used to cover the tissue bearing aspect of a denture when a patient cannot tolerate the hard acrylic on their mucosa? | denture liner |
| Tissue conditioners: What is used when the mucosa is so irritated that they have a hard time wearing the prosthesis? | a temporary soft liner |
| --------------------------- loaded with plasticizers such as alcohol to make it soft. | Polymethylmethacrylate polymer |
| What are some of the disadvantages of using materials that go through polymerization such as composites, dentures, and retainers? | a high thermal coefficient of expansion, shrinkage occurs, they can irritate pulp |
| At home care of acrylic resin dentures: | denture brush, non abrasive denture paste before placing in soak bath, calculus can be softened by a 1:1 solution of white vinegar and water, liquid soap can be used |
| Storage of acrylic resin dentures | water to prevent warping, water while out during prophy, prosthesis with soft liner-NO mouthwash, alcohol has an adverse affect. |
| In office care of acrylic resin dentures: | tartar and stain remover, can be gently scaled |
Created by:
karmstrong1