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HCC Bio101 Topic 7

Digestive System (Fall 2011) Berlyn

QuestionAnswer
What is the role of the salivary glands? Lubricate food and secrete amylase to begin the digestion of starch
What is the epiglottis? A flap that closes off the entrance to the trachea when you swallow.
What is the esophagus? A muscular tube that carries food from the pharynx to the stomach
Describe the stomach A muscular sac where hydrochloric acid, enzyme pepsin and chewed food combine to form chyme. Protein digestion occurs here
What is the cardiac valve? Muscular valve of the stomach that prevents food from backing up into the esophagus
What is the pyloric valve? muscular valve that controls the passage of chyme from the stomach to the duodenum
What is pepsin? Enzyme which is secreted in the stomach and breaks proteins into polypeptides
What are peptidases? Enzymes secreted in the small intestine which digest polypeptides into amino acids
What is trypsin? An enzyme produced by the pancreas and secreted in the small intestine that digests proteins into polypeptides
Where are amino acids absorbed? They are absorbed in the small intestine
What are villi and what is their role? Small cellular projections that cover the inner surface of the small intestine. They contain capillaries and lacteals.
What do the capillaries absorb? They absorb monosaccharides and amino acids.
What do the lacteals absorb? They absorb fatty acids and glycerol into the lymph
Where is bile produced, where is it stored, secreted and what is its role? It is produced in the liver, stored in the gall bladder, secreted in the duodenum and emulsifies fat.
What does the pancreas produce and where is it secreted? amylase, lipase and trypsin as well as sodium bicarbonate. Secreted in the duodenum
What is the role of the liver? stores glycogen, detoxification, breaks down hemoglobin to bile, deaminates amino acids. Regulates glucose levels by storing excess
What is the role of the large intestine? Absorption of water, production of Vitamin K
Created by: premed
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