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Dat bio
Respiration
Question | Answer |
---|---|
________ the utilization of oxygen by an organism | Respiration |
________ resp is the entrance of air into lungs and betwen blood and alveoli | External resp |
________ reso is between blood and cells | Internal resp |
annelids perform gas exchange by ____ through the skin | diffusion |
Arthropods have ________ circ system no carriers for oxygen | open circ system |
_______ the process which air is inhaled and exhaled | ventilation |
inhalation the diaphragm __________ while intercostal muscles _______ and pushes the chest up | contracts and flattens; contracts |
the increased vol in chest cavity _____ the pressure which makes the lungs expand and fill | reduces |
exhalation is a ______ process | passive process |
____________ controls ventilation | medulla oblungato |
Oxygen is transported almost entirely by | hemoglobbin |
1.5% of O2 is in | blood plasma |
saturated hb has ____ O2 molecules | 4 |
oxygen binds to _______ in hb and CO2 binds to the _____ to form carbaminohemoglobin | heme grp; polyp chain |
CO2is mainly transported as | carbonic acid |
_____ of Co2 is carried as dissolved gas in the blood | 5% |
________ causes carbon dioxide loading | high Co2 in tissue fluid forms gradient between tissue fluid and blood. Co2 diffuses into blood |
when ______ binds to oxyhemoglobin it causes it to lose affinity for O2 | H+ |
________ causes oxygen unloading/ consumption | pressure gradient high O2 in artery and low O2 in tissue fluid |
what is the Bohr effect | active tissues generate CO2 raising H+ (lowers pH)promotes oxygen unloading |
heavy exercise raise CO2 lowers blood pH and lowers blood O2 which causes increased ventilation True/False | False, all values are constant |
the main stimulus in pulmonary ventilation is the _______ conc in tissue fluid | H+ |
____ is the driving force in respiration | PCO2 of arterial blood |