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Stack #71691

Mod. 1 Vital Signs

QuestionAnswer
Vital Signs "Cardinal Signs"; indicate: pt. condition, presence of life, disease; crucial to correct dx.; temperature, pulse, respirations, blood pressure
Body Temperature balance between heat produced/heat lost in body; maintained by hypothalamus
heat production muscle contraction, metabolism, fever, emotional states
heat loss urine, feces, water vapor from lungs, perspiration(evaporation), conduction, convection, radiation
conduction transfer of heat from one object to another through contact
convection transfer of heat through air currents
radiation transfer of heat in form of waves
temp. sites oral, rectal, axillary, aural(tympanic), skin
temperature range 97-99 degrees farenheit
oral temperature most convenient; may be affected by eating, drinking, smoking, chewing gum, talking
rectal temperature most accurate, 1 degree higher than oral; used commonly in infants/young children, unconscious pt., mouth-breathers; DO NOT USE in NEWBORNS; note site on chart
axillary temperature 1 degree lower than oral; use in toddlers/preschoolers, mouth-breathers/mouth problems; note site on chart
aural (tympanic) temperature easily accessible; good for children under 6, uncooperative pt., pt. who can't take oral temp.
pyrexia fever, above 100.4 degrees F; heat prod. > heat loss
hyperpyrexia temp above 105.8 degrees F; serious condition; above 109.4 generally fatal
hypothermia body temp below 97 degrees F; heat loss > heat prod. Below 93.2 generally fatal
low-grade fever temp between 99 deg. F and 100.4 deg. F
temperature variations time of day (lower overnight/morning), age(higher infants/children, lower/elderly), exercise(higher), emotional states(higher), environment(cold/lower, hot/higher), pregnancy(higher)
febrile describes pt. w/ fever
afebrile describing pt. w/o fever
stages of fever onset, course, subsiding
Created by: ms_ragland
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