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Logic Exam 2

Introduction to Logic

QuestionAnswer
What is a Premise? A claim that is used as a reason for thinking that another claim (The conclusion)is true.
What is a conclusion? A claim that has been given reasons (The premises) for thinking that it is true.
What is "Valid"? A valid argument is a pattern of reasoning in which the conclusion is a rationally inevitable consequence of the premise of premises.
What is a claim? A statement that is either true or false.
What is a "Question"? It is a request for Information
What is a "command"? It is an order that something be done.
What is a "simple claim?" A claim that does not contain any logical connectives.
What is a "complex claim"? A claim that contains at least one logical connective.
What is "The rule of order" The order of the premises doesn't matter as long as 1) Each line is numbered in order beginning with "1" and (2) the conclusion comes last.
What is a "sound argument"? An argument which is valid and whose premises are all true.
What is an "unsound argument"? An argument which is either invalid, or has a false premise.
What is a sub-conclusion? A conclusion that is also used as a premise for a further conclusion, it is not a final conclusion.
What is a "Main conclusion?" A conclusion that is not also used as a premise for a further conclusion, it is a final conclusion
What is a "sub-argument"? An argument for a sub-conclusion.
What is a "main argument" An argument for the main conclusion.
What is an enthymeme? An argument with at least one hidden premise.
What is the principle of absolute pickiness? Attribute to an author the argument that most exactly fits what the author wrote
Principle of charity? Attribute to an author the best argument that is compatible with the words the author actually used.
What is a contradiction? A complex claim that is false simply because of its logical form regardless of the truth values of its component claims.
What is a "tautology?" A complex claim that is true simply because of its logical form regardless of the truth values of its component claims.
What is "Logically equivalent"? When two claims have their truth values are the same in all cases.
What is "Logically consistent"? When two claims can both be "true" simultaneously.
Created by: evilfrosty2001
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