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Mueller science
Earth History Standards 8-2.1-8-2.7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Present-day Earth is in the Cenozoic Era, the Quaternary period, and the _________ epoch. | Holocene epoch |
| The appearance of the most complex and the greatest diversity of organisms occurred during __ | Cenozoic Era |
| Eras of the geologic time scale are divided into ___________. | periods |
| Invertebrates, such as the trilobite and brachiopods, were very evident during the Paleozoic Era. In which era did vertebrates appear? | Paleozoic |
| Precambrian time began with the ____________. | Formation of the Earth |
| If a fossil is found in many rock layers, living over long periods of Earth’s history, it does not qualify as ____________. | an index fossil. |
| Fossil A is found in one layer of rock. Paleontologists continue digging and find Fossil B three meters below Fossil A. Which is most likely true? | fossil B is older. |
| In order for a fossil to be used as an index fossil, the organism must have been found over a wide area of Earth and must have _________. | lived over a relatively short period of geologic time. |
| A fossil that forms within the cavity of a mold fossil is a ____________ fossil. | cast |
| Which type of rock do scientists usually study to determine the relative age of a rock layer? | sedimentary |
| The results of natural factors causing extinction of organisms may not always be negative because ___________. | the extinction of one can allow another to flourish. |
| Which is the most likely explanation of why trilobites became extinct? | Because they could not adapt to the change in their environment. Acid rain |
| What conclusions may be drawn when comparing fossils found in previously undisturbed strata of sedimentary rock? | The ones in the lower layers are older. |
| In some parts of the world, there is strong demand for traditional medicines made from plants. For example, huckleberries are used for this purpose in some parts of Asia. Huckleberry bushes could become endangered if they are allowed to be picked with | overharvesting |
| Identify the present geologic era. | Cenozoic |
| The largest unit of geologic time is a (n) ___________. | Eon |
| Which is an example of a trace fossil? | footprints, burrows, worm trails, petrified poop |
| ____________ are the preserved remains or traces of plants or animals from Earth’s past. | fossils |
| Which is the principle that a scientist would use to determine the relative age of the rock layers in the diagram? | principle of superposition |
| List the divisions of geologic time in order from the longest division to the shortest? | Eon, era, period, epoch |
| A biologist is studying a modern animal species and wants to get information about species like it in Earth’s history. What would be helpful to him? | The fossil record |
| Some geologic period have been divided into smaller time units called _____________. | epochs |
| What would be an adaptation that would help an owl, an animal that feeds at night? | Large eyes |
| An adaptation improves an organism’s chances of __________. | survival |
| When did dinosaurs flourish? | The Mesazoic Era |
| Explain the relative age of a rock layer. | the age of a layer compared to other layers |
| When a mold fills with sand or mud and then hardens, a __________ fossil is formed. | cast |
| If a certain species prey is a fast flying bird, then that species must have which adaptation if they have been able to survive? | sharp claws, long legs, sight |
| Explain how natural selection occurs. | Individuals within a species that have characteristics that help them survive and reproduce in their environment. |
| Along with causing mass extinction of certain organisms on Earth, the collision of an asteroid can also cause _______________. | decrease in temperature |
| Which catastrophic event is responsible for the disappearance of reptiles, early birds, and mammals at the end of the Mesozoic Era? | An asteroid impact |
| Environmental conditions that add to/decrease/ or change the amount of life on Earth is are called ______________? | environmental pressures |
| What are the 4 mediums that can be used to form a preserved fossil? | amber, ice, tar, rock |
| Species of organisms that are no longer found on Earth are ______________. | extinct |
| A slight, but non-threatening difference among members of the same species in similar populations is called ________________. | variation |
| Saber tooth tiger poop is an example of a _________ fossil. | trace fossil |
| Dinosaur bones in a museum are an example of a _____________ fossil. | permineralized |
| What is the persevered remains or traces of an organism that lived in the past called? | a fossil |
| What is the name of the record that gives important information about past life forms and environments on Earth? | the fossil record |
| If you were looking for the oldest fossils in a river canyon, such as the Grand Canyon, where would look? | in the bottom layer |
| There are differences in the thickness of animal’s fur, in the colors of bird’s feathers, and in the shapes of trees leaves. What are these examples of? | variations |
| What is a change that increases an organism’s chances for survival called? | an adaptation |
| Which of the following is an example of a trace fossil? | a set of dinosaur footprints |
| Which of the following is an example of a preserved fossil? | A fossil trapped in ice, tar, amber, or rock |
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dalmueller
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