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Cell Molec #1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the goal of CMB? | To understand the molecular basis of cell function,ranging from energy transformations, cell division, protein trafficking to signal transduction and cell migration, to the formation of tissues during development and wound healing |
| What is reductionism? | Reductionism is the belief that complex phenomena can be reduced to simpler physical processes, which themselves can in theory be reduced to the simplest level of physical explanation, where elementary particles interact according to the laws of physics. |
| Describe Darwin's Theory of Evolution | Changes in the Allele frequency of a population's gene pool from one generation to another generation, influenced by the environment and habitat, enhances a population's reproductive fitness, and leading to progressively better adaptation |
| What is the Cell Theory | All living things are made of cells |
| What is LUCA | LUCA is the last universal common ancestor from which all life has since evolved. |
| What is vitalism? | Vitalism was the school of thought, that attempted to explain the nature of life as resulting from a vital force, "a soul," peculiar to living organisms and different from all other physical forces found outside living things. |
| Who are Mechanist? | They are people who believed life was essentially a mechanical process that can be explained entirely by the workings of laws of chemistry and physics without a vital force. |
| What are the three domains of cellular organisms? | Eubacteria (True bacteria), Archaea (ancient prokaryotes), and Eukaryota (modern eukaryotes) |
| What is a prokaryote? | It is one of the two successful plans of cellular organization. It includes archaea bacteria and today's eubacteria. Prokaryotes lack membrane bound organelles, genes contain naked dna (no chromosomes), little to no internal compartmentation. |
| What are the three main shapes of prokaryotes? | Cocci (spherical), bacillus (rod shaped), spirilla (helical) |
| Describe a gram positive stain | A purple-black stain is gram-positive, peptidoglycan traps crystal violet |
| Describe a gram negative stain | A pink-ish stain is gram-negative, the crystal violet stain is easily washed away, revealing a red dye. |
| Are gram positive bacteria dangerous? | Yes, anthrax and botulism causing bacteria are gram positive |
| Are gram negative bacteria dangerous? | Not really, the most common ones, such as E. coli, cause food poisoning. |
| What is an Eukaryotic | It is the other successful plan of multi-cellular organism |
| What are the model organisms | 1) E. coli; 2) yeast; 3) C.elegans (round worm); 4) fruit fly; 5) zebrafish; 6) thale cress (plant model); 7) house mouse; 8) viruses |
| What are the advantages of model organisms? | They are cheap, plentiful, prolific reproducers, with simple genomes and unique properties for practical research analysis |
| CMB Model organisms? | Bacteriophages, E. coli, Giardia |
| Genetic and Embryonic research model organisms? | Hela cells and fibroblast cells (connective tissue easily grown in tissue culture) |
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