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Western Civ 2

QuestionAnswer
Rene Descartes French philosopher and write, "Father of Modern Philosophy and Analytical Geometry"
The Scientific Revolution a fundamental transformation in scientific ideas in physics, astronomy, and biology, in institutions supporting scientific investigation, and in the more widely held picture of the universe
Nicolas Copernicus Founder of modern astronomy, invented the theory that the solar system revolves around the sun
William Harvey English physician, the first to describe in detail the systematic circulation and properties of blood being pumped to the body by the heart
Galileo Italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer, and philosopher, known as the "Father of Modern Physics" , made improvements to the telescope and supported Copernicanism
Johannes Kepler Astronomer, best known for his eponymous laws of planetary motion, wrote many books on modern science
Sir Frances Bacon English philosopher, scientist, lawyer, author, pioneer of the scientific method
Sir Isaac Newton English physicist, mathematician, built the first practical reflecting telescope, described the 3 laws of motion and universal gravitation.
The Age of Enlightenment A broad intellectual movement in 18th‐century Europe that advocated the use of reason in the re‐evaluation of accepted ideas. Also known as the Age of Reason.
John Locke English empiricist philosopher who believed that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience
Thomas Hobbes English materialist and political philosopher who advocated absolute sovereignty as the only kind of government that could resolve problems caused by the selfishness of human beings
philosophes thinkers or philosophers of the Enlightenment
progress gradual improvement or growth or development
deism the form of theological rationalism that believes in God on the basis of reason without reference to revelation
tolerance a disposition to allow freedom of choice and behavior
Jean Jacques Rousseau A French man who believed that Human beings are naturally good & free & can rely on their instincts. Government should exist to protect common good, and be a democracy
Mary Wollstonecraft English writer and early feminist who denied male supremacy and advocated equal education for women
he Vindication of the Rights of Woman A book written by Mary Wollstonecraft that described the hardship[s of women, and advocated women's rights
The Social Contract Rousseau, suggestions in reforming the political system and modeled after the Greek polis.
The General Will The doctrine that sovereign power is vested in the people and that those chosen to govern, as trustees of such power, must exercise it in conformity with the general will
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