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HIT 75
TEST # 1 9 20 2011
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Authority | The right to direct others and to give orders |
| Authority acceptance theory | The belief that a leader's authority originates at the bottom of the organizational pyramid and is determined by his subordinates' willingness to comply with it. |
| Autocratic 獨裁的， 專制 supervision | A management style based on Theory X, i.e., that involves little participation by subordinates in the decision-making process. |
| Business intelligence | The use of information to improve business decisions |
| Capitation | A system that pay physicians, or healthcare organization, a fixed monthly amount for each individual in a plan, regardless of whether they are treated or not. |
| Captain of the ship doctrine | The doctrine that a surgeon directly supervises all personnel assisting an operation; thus respondeat superior liability falls on the surgeon, not the institution |
| Catalyst 催化剂 | A person or thing that causes a change |
| Chaos theory | The theory that the world is unorganized and events are unpredictable; thus, managers must recognize that events cannot always be controlled |
| Coercive power | Power based on fear |
| Collaboration | The act of individuals working together to achieve a common goal. |
| Concurrent controls | Controls on process that monitor progress as it is being done, allowing corrections or adjustments to be made immediately |
| Content theory | The theory that individuals are motivated by needs. Also called need theory |
| coordination | The linking together of the activities in the organization to achieve the desired results. |
| Coordination | Linking together |
| Corporate negligence | The doctrine that a corporation, in this case a hospital, is legally responsible for actions of associated individuals, even non-employees |
| Critical access hospital | A designation that allows a hospital to receive Medicare reimbursement based on its actual costs, which is generally more than typical Medicare reimbursement. The designation was designed to help hospitals in underserved areas |
| Diagonal 对角线 coordination | Coordination that cuts across organizational arrangements, ignoring position and level |
| Dimensions of coordination | The need for coordination exists in three directions: Vertically, Horizontally, and diagonally |
| Directive interview | A structured interview between a supervisor and employee in which the interviewer knows beforehand the goals, objectives, and areas of discussion |
| Disciplinary counseling | An informal conversation in which a supervisor notifies a subordinate about a problem and tries to resolve it |
| Downward communication | Communication that flows down the hierarchy of an organization, such as when a vice president tells a line supervisor about a new initiative, and the line supervisor tells her employees. |
| Entrepreneurial theory | The concept that individuals or small groups of individuals who are "ahead of the curve" should be rewarded and encouraged to work autonomously |
| Exception principle | the principle that some decisions faced by an individual are beyond his scope of authority and must be referred to his superior. Also the practice of reporting only items that fail to meet standards, so that the respondent can focus on problem areas |
| Fee-for-service | A system that pays physicians based on the number of services they perform |
| Five Managerial functions | 1 Planning 2 Organizing 3 Staffing 4 Influencing 5 Controlling |
| Forecasting | Forecasting is done by scanning the external and internal environments for useful information |
| Formal authority theory | The belief that authority originates at the top of an organization and is delegated downward from superiors to subordinates |
| Gantt chart | A chart featuring horizontal bars, each representing the time allotted for a different task of given project. Seen together, the bars reveal tasks that can be done simultaneously contrasted with those that must be done sequentially |
| Gantt chart | Allowed management to view overlapping tasks |
| General supervision | Supervision that provides goals in broad terms, with the expectation that the employees will decide how to reach those goals |
| Grapevine | The informal channel of communication in an organization |
| Grooming | The process of preparing an individual to take on more authority and responsibility |
| Halo effect | A circumstance in which an interviewer bases an applicant's potential for job performance on one or two characteristics and allows this impression to color all the other factors. Can also be seen in performance appraisals, when high or low marks are give |
| Hawthorne effect | The phenomenon 现象(something that is impressive or extraordinary) that people change their behavior when they know they are being studied |
| Herzberg's Two-Factor Motivation-Hygiene Theory | The theory that workplace factors can be divided into two categories, those that do not motivate (hygiene factors) and those that do (motivators) |
| Horizontal coordination | Coordination between departments - between emergency radiology dept |
| Horizontal chart | An organizational chart that reads from left to right, stressing functional relationships more than hierarchical levels. |
| Horizontal communication | Communication across departments or among peer managers, departments, and coworkers in charge of different activities |
| Horizontal coordination | Coordination between departments on the same organizational level, such as between the emergency department and the radiology department |
| Hospitalist | A physician who practices solely in a hospital instead of in private practice, and who is employed by the hospital |
| Imposed policy | A policy created to comply with outside factors, such as accrediting requirements. |
| Liability | The potential of a lawsuit |
| Malpractice | is the term for negligence of professional persons. Malpractice is defined in Black 's Law Dictionary |
| Malpractice is synonymously to | Negligence |
| Management engineer | An individual who uses data and analytics to improve processes |
| Managerial authority | The legal or rightful power of a manager to act or direct others |
| Managerial functions | Functions that must be performed by a supervisor for him to be considered a true manager |
| Mission Statement | A statement that describes what the organization does, what its purpose is or why it exist. Golden Rule Ins. Co. has a mission statement that starts with, "Golden Rule chooses to be ethical because it is right, not because it is good business practice". |
| Negligence | An action or non-action the results in an injury by an individual who is not acting as a "reasonably prudent person" would under the same circumstances |
| Norms 规范 準則 | Standards that regulate behavior within an organization |
| phenomenal 非凡的 | Outstanding |
| Plaintiff 原告 | The individual or entity that sues another |
| Planning horizon | The length of time in planning, could be short, intermediate, or long term plan |
| Policy | A standing plan that expresses an organization's general response to a problem or situation |
| Power | The ability to influence others or get others to at in a certain way |
| Prospective payment system | A system that pays physicians and healthcare organizations a fixed amount for every episode of care. For example, treatment for a particular injury is reimbursed at a flat rate regardless of the length of stray in the hospital or the number of physician |
| Qui tam | Provision of the Federal Civil False Claims Act that allows private citizen to file a suit in the name of the U.S. government |
| Rational authority | Authority based on law, procedures, and rules |
| Respondeat superior | The institution-employer is legally responsible for the negligent or wrongful acts |
| Role theory | The concept that when employees receive inconsistent expectations and little information, they experience role conflict, which leads to stress, dissatisfaction, and ineffective performance |
| Scientific decision making | The practice of making decisions based on quantitative data |
| Semantic 语义 | The study of language, particularly the multiple meanings of words and phrases and how they are used in the context of messages |
| Single use plan | Plan that use only one time |
| Steps of the decision making process | 1 Define the problem 2 Analyze the problem 3 Develop alternatives 4 Evaluate the alternatives, and select the best, 5 Take action, and follow up |
| The success of an enterprise | is greatly depends on the skill of management, first in forecasting and second in preparing for future conditions. |
| Theory X | A theory that employees perform best under supervision that involves close control, centralized authority, authoritarian practices, and minimal participation of the subordinates in the decision-making process |
| Theory X | People are lazy and irresponsible, inherently dislike work, must be controlled to do work, and prefer to be directed |
| Theory Y | People are responsible, enjoy work, view it as natural as play and rest, exercise self-direction, seek responsibility, and work well if rewarded |
| Theory Z | A management approach that is based on lifetime employment, show promotion paths, consensual 协商一致 decision making, collective responsibility, and informal controls, Theory Z assumes workers want to build strong relationships with their colleagues |
| Theory Z | People will be productive when the work environment encourages group consensuses and decision making, there are assurances of long-term employment, and there is a continued emphasis on quality improvement |
| Tort 错误的 | An action or omission of action that results in injury to another |
| Unity of command | The principle that states that each employee has a single immediate supervisor, who in turn is responsible to her immediate superior, and so on along the chain of command |
| Upward communication | Communication that flows up the hierarchy, such as when a nurse tells the nursing shift supervisor about a problem with a patient |
| Vertical chart | An organizational chart that shows the different levels of the organization in a step arrangement in the form of a pyramid |
| Vertical coordination | Coordination between different levels of an organization, CEO and vice president |
| Vertical coordination | Coordination between different levels of an organizations, such as between the CEO and a vice president |
| Vicarious 替代 liability | The concept that one part may be held responsible effort the actions of another even though the original party was not involved in the act |
| Virtual position | A job held by an employee who works offsite |
| Vision | A statement about where the leadership sees the organization going in a designated period of time. |
| Coercion 强迫 | Torture is one of the most extreme examples of coercion i.e. severe pain is inflicted until the victim provides the desired information. |
Created by:
Lilyn Ta
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