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JRA Atmosphere
Chapter 1 Atmosphere, Air Quality, + Air Pressure
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The condition of Earth's atmosphere at a particular time and place. | Weather |
| The layer of gases that surrounds Earth. | Atmosphere |
| Earth's atmosphere makes conditions on Earth suitable for living things. | Statement 1-1 |
| Earth's atmosphere is made up of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, water vapor, and many other gases, as well as particles of liquids and solids. | Statement 1-2 |
| The most abundant gas in the atmosphere. | Nitrogen |
| Substances that bacteria convert nitrogen into and that are absorbed by plants in the soil. | Nitrates |
| The second most abundant gas in the atmosphere. | Oxygen |
| The scientific word for rust. | Iron oxide |
| A form of oxygen that has three oxygen atoms in each molecule instead of the usual two. | Ozone |
| A gas in the atmosphere that is essential plant life and is used in burning fuels. | Carbon dioxide |
| A gas in the atmosphere that makes up most of the 1% of the gases besides nitrogen and oxygen along with carbon dioxide. | Argon |
| The names of all the gases besides nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and argon. | Trace gases |
| Water in the form of a gas. | Water vapor |
| A type of water that seems like a gas, but is really made up of tiny droplets of liquid water. | Steam |
| An air pollution term that was made by combining smoke and fog in London of 1905. | Smog |
| Harmful substances in the air, water, or soil. | Pollutants |
| Most air pollution is the result of burning fossil fuels such as coal, oil, gasoline, and diesel fuel. | Statement 1-3 |
| A fine, powdery material produced by many plants. | Pollen |
| A type of allergy that is caused by pollen from plants such as ragweed. | Hay fever |
| The brown haze in cities that is caused by the action of sunlight on chemicals. | Photochemical smog |
| The nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, and other air pollutants react with each other in the presence of sunlight to form a mix of ozone and other chemicals called photochemical smog. | Statement 1-4 |
| Substances composed of oxygen and sulfur. | Sulfur oxides |
| Substances composed of carbon and hydrogen. | Hydrocarbons |
| Substances composed of nitrogen and oxygen. | Nitrogen oxides |
| Acid rain forms when nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides combine with water in the air to form nitric acid and sulfuric acid. | Statement 1-5 |
| Rain that contains more acid than normal. | Acid rain |
| Filters that factories are required to install to remove pollutants from smoke stacks before they are released. | Scrubbers |
| Because air has mass, it also has other properties, including density and pressure. | Statement 1-6 |
| The amount of mass in a given volume of air. | Density |
| The formula for calculating density. | D=M/V |
| The force pushing on an area or surface. | Pressure |
| The result of the weight of a column of air pushing down on an area. | Air pressure |
| An instrument that is used to measure changes in air pressure. | Barometer |
| There are two kinds of barometers: mercury barometers and aneroid barometers. | Statement 1-7 |
| A barometer that consists of a glass tube open at the bottom end and partially filled with mercury. | Mercury barometer |
| A barometer that has an airtight chamber. | Aneroid barometer |
| The units of air pressure that most weather reports use. | Inches of mercury |
| The units of air pressure that National Weather Service maps use. | Millibars |
| The distance above sea level, the average level of the surface of the oceans. | Altitude |
| Air pressure decreases as altitude increases. As air pressure decreases, so does density. | Statement 1-8 |
| The four main layers of the atmosphere are classified according to changes in temperature. These layers are the troposphere, the stratosphere, the mesosphere, and the thermosphere. | Statement 1-9 |
| The lowest layer of the atmosphere where the weather occurs. | Troposphere |
| The layer of the atmosphere where the ozone that protects Earth from harmful sun rays is located. | Stratosphere |
| The middle layer of the atmosphere where meteoroids burn up so they don't destroy Earth's surface. | Mesosphere |
| Chunks of stone and metal from space. | Meteoroids |
| The outermost layer of the atmosphere that has no definite outer limit and is very hot. | Thermosphere |
| The average amount of energy of motion of each molecule of a substance. | Temperature |
| The lower layer of the thermosphere where radio waves bounce of ions back to Earth, and where aurora borealis occurs. | Ionosphere |
| Electrically charged particles made of gas particles affected by the sun. | Ions |
| The Northern Lights in the ionosphere that are caused by particles from the sun that enter the ionosphere near the North Pole The particles then strike oxygen and nitrogen atoms in the ionosphere, causing them to glow. | Aurora borealis |
| The outer layer of the thermosphere where satellites orbiting Earth receive a signal from a phone or a television and send them to a home. | Exosphere |
Created by:
LOSBH47
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