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Chem Test 2 Stack

Spontaneous Change and Equilibrium

TermDefinition
Spontaneous Change Change taking place without outside intervention
Entropy State property of chemical and physical terms that depends on the number of microstates available to its molecules
Microstates Possible accessible microscopic states or arrangements of molecules
3rd Law of Thermodynamics Entropy of any crystalline substance approaches zero as the absolute zero of temperature is approached
Standard Molar Entropy Absolute entropy of 1 mol of a substance in a standard state
2nd Law of Thermodynamics Entropy of a system may increase or decrease in a spontaneous process, but when the entropy of the surroundings is added, the total must always increase
Gibbs Energy A state property without reference to the surroundings that exists if consideration is restricted to processes at constant temperature and pressure
Trouton's Rule In the conversion between liquid and vapor, the entropy change at boiling point approximates 88JK-1mol-1
Gibbs Energy of Reaction Equals the difference between the sum of the Gibbs energies of the products and the sum of the Gibbs energies of the reactants
Standard Molar Gibbs Energies of Formation The change in Gibbs energy when 1 mol of a substance forms in a standard state at a specified temperature from the most stable forms of its constituent elements in standard states at the same temperature
Standard Gibbs Energy of Reaction Gibbs energy change when reactants in standard states give products in standard states a specified temperature
Van't Hoff Equation Allows for the calculation of K at a second temperature, in the approximation that enthalpy and entropy are constant
Clausius-Clapeyron Equation The vapor pressure at any given temperature can be estimated if it is known at some other temperature and if the enthalpy of vaporization is also known
Created by: iceman15177
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