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Statistics: Chapter1
Where Do Data Come From?
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Individuals | Objects described by a set of data (ex. People, animals, things) |
Variable | Characteristic of an individual (different values for different individuals, not always numerical) |
Observational Study | Observe individuals and measure variables of interest (does not attempt to influence responses) |
Response | A variable that measures an outcome or result of a study |
Purpose of an Observational Study: | Describe some group or situation |
Sample Surveys | Survey of a group of individuals by studying only some of its members that represent the larger group. (a kind of observational study) |
Population | Entire group of individuals about which we want information |
Sample | Part of the population from which we actually collect information (used to draw conclusions about the whole) |
Census | Sample Survey that attempts to include the entire population in the sample |
Experiment | Imposes treatment on individuals in order to observe cause and effect. |