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CSA Vocabulary

A-Z Vocabulary

Question	Answer
Absolute assignment	Irrevocable transfer of complete ownership of a life insurance policy to another.
Accessory apartment	Conversion of area in a home to a separate living unit w/own kitch, bath, entrance.
Accelerated death benefit life provision (also known as living benefit)	Provision in life ins policy that dictates conditions owner is able to receive reduced benefits while alive - onset of serious illness or confinement to nursing home
Accepting assignment	Claim filing system that in Medicare Part B that helps control seniors out-of-pocket costs & expedites pmts t drs & other providers.
Accidental death dismemberment rider	Supp. benefit rider that provides for an amount of money in addition to the basic death benefit of a life insurance policy. Only payable if insured dies or loses any 2 limbs or sight of both eyes.
Active adult (retirement) communities	Residential developments that offer living in a planned facility with organized leisure and recreation, plus no maintenance duties. Thet are designed for seniors, but younger guests are welcome.
Activity of daily living (ADL)	6 basic personal care activities: eating, toileting, dressing, bathing, transferring & continence. The ability to perform ADLs can help pros assess their personal self-maint. LTC policies use ADLs unaided as a gauge for deciding when to pay benefits.
Acute illness	severe illness with a rapid onset and a generally short duration.
Acute myocardial infarction	Also known as a heart attack. Occurs when an area of heart muscle dies or is permenantly damaged because of an inadequate supply of oxygen to that area.
Adjusted basis	The owners original basis in an asset, plus improvements or minus depreciation.
Adjusted gross Estate	Accumulated assets of a decedent, minus administrative expenses to settle the estate, funeral expenses, debts of the decedent, uninsured theft and casualty losses to estate property and claims against the estate.
Adjusted gross income (AGI)	Total amount of a person's wages, dividends, and other financial receipts, minus adjustments to income, such as alimony paid and deductible contributions to IRAs.
Adjusted taxable gifts	A decedents post-1976 taxable gifts, reduced by taxable gifts included in the gross estate, which are added to a decedents taxable estate to form the estate's tax base.
Adjustment disorders	Distress leading to impairment in daily functioning and which occurs within 3 months of a specific event and does not last longer than 6 months after the end of the stressful event.
Adjustments to income	The deductions used to arrive at AGI, adjustments to income include IRA contributions, half self-empl taxes, self-employ health insurance, job related moving expenses, alimony paid and penalty on early withdrawal from savings.
Administrator (Administratrix)	Person who settles the estate when an individual dies intestate.
Adult day care	Care provided at a community-based center for adults who need assistance or supervision during the day but who do not need around the clock care.
Advanced Directive	Statement made by individual, usually in written document, concerning the medicall treatment to be provided and decision-maker to be appointed if the patient becomes terminnally ill or incapacitated.
After-tax return	Amount of income realized on investments after applicable income taxes are subtracted.
Ageism	Prejudices and stereotypes that are applied to persons based soley on their age.
Age-period-cohort	Method of understanding the psychology of growing older by analyzing 3 areas: aging effects, process of growing older; period effects, events of specific time in history; and cohort effects, common characteristics of a generation born in same part of time
Aging	Regular changes that occur in mature organisms as they live for chronologically longer periods.
Aging in place	Concept describing a senior remaining in the same residence & coping successfully with associated vulnerabilities by themselves or with assistance.
Agnosia	Inability to recognize familiar objects in the absence of sesory deficits.
Agoraphobia	Extreme fear of being in places from which it is not easy to escape.
Alternative container	A container, used in lieu os a casket usually used for immediate burial. Alternative containers are constructed of simple pine boards, particleboard or hard cardboard.
Alternative minimum tax (AMT)	Payment that may be required of taxpayers who would otherwise have significantly reduced taxation thru high use of tax preference items or adjustments.
Alzheimer's disease	Progressive, degenerative form of dementia that causes sever deterioration of mental functioning, including memory loss, impairment of judgement, abstract thinking and deterioration of personality.
Aneurysm	Localized enlargement of an artery. This can cause enough pressure to rupture and spill blood into the space surrounding brain cells.
Angina	Localized pain related to the demands made on the heart, most commonly for the performance of exercise, but also to cope with emotional reactions.
Antipsychotic medications	Used to treat symptoms associated with dementia.
Angioplasty	Procedure used to widen vessels narrowed by stenoses or occlusions. Variuous types of these procedures and their names are associated with the type of vessel entry and equipment used.
Annual exclusion	Maximum amount a person may give each year as a gift without having to pay a gift tax.
Annuitant	Recipient of annuity distribution.
Annuity	Income from capital investment paid in a series of regular payments.
Aphasia	Partial or total loss of the ability to speak or understand speech due to a disorder in the cerebellum of the brain.
Apoptosis	Cellular suicide to prevent a genetic error (as found in cancerous cells) from being passed on.
Applicable exclusion	Amount of an individual's assets that can be held not subject to federal estate tax.
Apraxia	Difficulty with physical movement despite otherwise normal physical functioning. change in gait (walking) is one common example.
Arthritis	Inflammation of the joints
Artificial nutrition and hydration	Provision of food and water to a patient using a tube inserted into the esophagus or surically implanted into the stomach.
Asset allocation strategy	Method of diversification aimed at reducing variablility of return from a portfolio of investments. The point of assest allocation is to invest in different types of assets that have low correlation with others in the portfolio.
Asset	What a person owns. assets include cash and cash equivalents, invested assets and use assets.
Assignment	Act of a person transferring ownershio of a life insurance policy to another person.
Assisted living facility	Residential housing meant for seniors with physical or cognitive impairments that make it difficult for them to perform an average of two ADLs without assistance.
Assisted suicide	Deliberate hastening of death by a terminally ill patient with assistance from a doctor, family member or other individual.
Assisted technology	Device used to improve the capabilities of an individual with disabilities. Assistive technology is an umbrella term that also includes durable medical equipment.
Atherosclerosis	Blockage within blood vessels that contributes to the development of heart disease and other circulatory disorders.
At-need	Funeral or burial at the time of death.
Authentic plans	Intentions for the future that are genuine, real and a truthful reflection of a person's beliefs.
Balance sheet (also called statement of financial position)	Financial statements listing a client's assets, liabilities and net worth as of a specific date.
Basal	Rate of the body's metabolic processes at baseline or at rest.
Basal metabolic rate (BMR)	Rate of the body's chemistry at a baseline or at rest.
Basis	Amount a person has invested in an asset, or the tax cost of an asset.
Bathing	Washing oneself in either a tub or shower. This activity included the task of getting into or out of the tub or shower.
Belonging	Sense of community that fulfills our need to be part of a group that shares and validates our values and beliefs, and in which we feel ssafe, secure and free to be ourselves.
Beneficiary	In the context of insurance, the person or entity who has remainder interest in policy proceeds. In the contexts of trusts, the person who benefits from the trust and who beneficial ownership of trust assets.
Benefit period	Length of time used to measure use of svcs 4 inpatient hosp & skill nursing fac care & separately for hospice. Benefit period begins 1st day bene enters an inpatient hosp & ends when they have not rcvd inpatient hosp/skill care for 60 days in a row.
Benefit trigger	Term used by insurance companies to describe the criteria and methods they use to determine when a person is eligible to receive benefits.
Benzodiazapines	Any of the group of chemical compounds with a common molecular structure and similar pharmacological effects. Used as anti-anxiety agents, muscle relaxants, sedatives, hypnotics and sometimes as anticonvulsants.
Bereavement	Experience of the death of a loved one.
Biointerventions	Actions designed to retard or reverse the aging process.
Bequest	Act of transferring personal property by a will.
Biological nuclear family	Kinship unit that consists of a husband and wife living together with children by birth or adoption only (i.e. does not include blended families)
Biomarkers	Key physiological factors associated with aging.
Biomarkers of functional age	Physiological factors used to estimate the rate at which the very fundamental processes of aging occur wihin individuals.
Bipolar disorder	Mental process in which mood cycles back and forth between periods of mania, normal functioning and depression.
Blended families	Husband and wife living together with children brought to the family by one or both partners from previous marriages or relationships; may also include children from their union.
Board and care	Residential setting-often lg, conventional, single-family house-consisting of multiple bedrooms, each occupied by 1 person or alternatively by 2-4 residents. They may share bathroom facilities, and most activities will occur in the bldg's common areas.
Body donation	Means of final disposition in which the deceased's remains are given to research to a medical school or dental school.
Bond	Debt that represents a legal obligation of the issure to pay principal and interest when due.
Boundaries	Psychological fences that define emotional limits and delineate what is acceptable and unacceptable behavior. In healthy caregiving relationships, boundaries act as operational parameters that outline how the caregiver/care recipient relationship works.
Budget	Financial statement listing expected income and expenses for a future period of time.
Burnout	State of mental or physical exhaustion caused by excessive and prolonged stress.
Business ethics	Principles that should govern the conduct of business, whether at the individual or collective level; the way that people should act in business.
Cancer	Various malignant neoplasms characterized by the proliferation of anaplastic cells that tend to invade surrounding tissue and metastasize to new body sites.
Capital gain / loss	Increase or decrease in value a seller realizes on the sale or exchange of a capital asset. A net short-term capital gain is treated as ordinary income. A net long-term capital gain is generally subject to a maximum 20 percent tax rate.
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)	Emergency treatment that compresses the heart and forces air into the patient's lungs. It is applied when the patient's heart or breathing stops.
Carefrontation	Time of introspection to help potential caregivers determine if they can embrace the role. Introspection is an honest appraisal of capabilities when caregivers take a truthful look at who they are & what they can handle physically, emotionally & mentally.
Caregiver	Person who provides unpaid care to someone who requires help with activities of daily living (ADLs) or instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs).
Care managers (also called geriatric managers)	Persons who help navigate seniors thru the sometimes confusing long-term supportive services system.
Carriers (Medicare Part B)	Private companies who contract with the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services to make coverage determination and process Medicare claims.
Cash-flow statement	Personal financial analysis that lists inflows and expenditures made by a person or family over a particular period.
Cash model	Method of funds distribution in which the recipient decides how to spend $ for care, including purchasing svcs from vendors, hiring a friend to help with ADLs, purchasing assistive technology, or modifying their home to make it more accessible.
Cash surrender value option	Insurance policy provision allowing a policyholder to surrender the contract in exchange for $ equal to an insurance policy's accum. value, less any loans on the policy. Upon payout of the cash surrender value, the insurer no longer provides coverage.
Casket	Metal, wood or plastic container in which a deceased's remains are interred.
Categorically needy	Definition of financial deficiency required of individuals who receive federally assisted income maintenance payments such as Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) or Supplemental Security Income (SSI)
Cell	Basic living unit of the body.
Cemeterian	Owner or staff of a cemetary.
Certificate of Deposit (CD)	Fixed-income investment vehicle available through financial institutions. Interest rates and maturities of CDs are fixed at the time of purchase. Maturities vary from a few months to a few years and early redemption may result in the pmt of penalties.
Charitable gift annuity	Agreement by a charity to provide a lifetime annual payout in exchange for assets received from donor.
Charitable lead trust (CLT)	Instituition that accepts assets from donor and in return pays income to one/more charities while remainder is distributed to family at trust termination. Char. lead trusts generally don't reduce a donor's taxable estate for fed estate tax purposes.
Charitable remainder trust (CRT)	Irrevocable agreement between an institution and donor designed to pay income to living bene. A donor transfers assets into a CRT, reserves an annuity income interest in the prop & contributes the remainder int in the prop to the charity at donor's death.
Chemotherapy	Treatment of cancer using specific chemical agents or drugs that are selectively destructive to malignant cells and tissues.
Chronic illness	Medical condition with one or more of the following characteristics: permanency, residual disability; requiring rehabilitation training, or requiring a long period of supervision, observation or care.
Chronically ill	Term used in a tax-qualified long-term care contract to describe a person who needs long-term care either because of an inability to do everyday activities of daily living (ADLs) without help or because of a severe cognitive impairment.
Chronological age	Calculation of age in terms of number of years a person has lived; calendar age.
Churning	Excessive trading (overtrading) by an investor of a client's assets to earn commissions rather than improve the client's situation.
Code of ethics	Open disclosure of the way an organization operates, providing members or employess visible guidelines for behavior.
Cognitive impairments	Deficiency in a person's short- or long-term memory; orientation as to person, place, and time; deductive or abstract reasoning, or judgement as it relates to safety awareness.
Columbarium	Building with niches or spaces for urns containing the cremated remains of the deceased.
Commercial annuity	Agreement by an insurance company to pay a sum of money to an individual in exchange for receipt of money or property from the individual.
Common-law state	A state that deems property originally purchased in that state may not be held as community property.
Community property	Assets acquired by either or both spouses during a marriage, if couple lives in a community property state. Each spouse is considered to own half of property, regardless of who provided the means to purchase the property & regardless of how title is held.
Community property state	A state that deem spouses can own property as community property. These include Alaska, Arizona, CA, Idaho, LA, Nevada, New Mexico, TX, WA, and WI.
Community spouse (CS)	A spouse who continues to live at home in the community while his/her spouse lives in a nursing home.
Community spouse resource allowance(CSRA)	Amount that Medicaid regulations permit a community spouse to retain.
Competence	In the context of health care, ability of a patient to make independent decisions about medical treatments.
Compound rate	Percentage of interest earned on an investmens, expressed either as an annual rate or a rate per compounding period.
Compounding	Process of interest accumulating on both a principla balance and previously earned interest.
Comprehensive financial plan	A financial plan that covers just about all of a person's financial objectives, including consdideration of risk management, investment planning, tax planning, retirement planning and estate planning.
Compulsions	Repeated behaviors (e.g. hand washing, reciting a word to prevent someone from getting hurt, checking locks, cleaning) intended to reduce a person's anxiety, often an obsession.
Conductive hearing loss	Inability of sound wave to pass satisfactorily to the inner ear. Common causes of this are wax buildup in the ear canal, perforated eardrum, fluid in the middle ear or damage to the ossicles.
Conduit IRA	Unofficial term for an IRA used to park a distribution from one qualified plan until it can be rolled over to another qualified plan. With a conduit IRA, the forward-averaging potential of the distribution can be preserved.
Confusion (disorientation)	Loss of sense of position in relation to time, space or other aspects of the environment. Confusion may be the first sign of an illness, such as a urinary tract infection.
Congruent plans	Intentions for the future that are consistent, corresponding and harmonious with each other.
Conservator (guardian of the assets)	Person appointed by the court to manage the financial and legal affairs of an incapacitated individual.
Continence	Ability to maintain contol of bowel and bladder function or when unable to maintain control of these functions, to perform associated personal hygiene (including caring for catheter or colostomy bag).
Contingent beneficiary	Person who stands next in line to receive an asset if the primary beneficiary predeceases the owner or disclaims the asset.
Continuing care retirement community (CCRC, also known as life care)	Communities that provide a type of combined health, housing & social care insurance for older persons. A person signs a contract and agrees to pay an entrance fee & a monthly service fee in exchange for a living unit, health care & lifetime nursing care.
Continuity theory	Concept that as people get older they usually seel to pursue the same activities they engaged in earlier in life.
Continuum of incapacity	Fluctuation of ability to perform tasks. Many seniors vacillate between being capable and incapable to do many tasks, never being fully able, but also never being completely able.
Coronary arteries	Vessels that supply nutrients and oxygen to the heart muscle.
Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)	Surgical procedure in which one or more blocked coronary arteries are circumvented by a blood vessel graft to restore normal blood flow to the heart. These grafts usually come from the patient's own leg, arm or chest arteries & veins.
Cost basis	Amount paid to purchase a capital asset.
Cost of living adjustment (COLA)	Annual fluctuations in wages used to offset a change in purchasing power, as measured by the Consumer Price Index (CPI).
Credits (previously called quarters of coverage)	Units of work history that determine a worker's eligibility for future SS benefits. Workers can earn a max of 4 credits each yr & most need 40 credits to qualify for benefits. Younger peeps need fewer credits to qualify for disablity or survivor benefits.
Cremation	Means of final disposition in which the body is incinerated.
Crematorium (crematory)	Facility where a body is cremated.
Crossover claims	Stmts of claim & pmt info from a Medicare intermediary or carrier used to inform a Medigap insurer of deductibles or coins charges required. The Medigap insurer uses crossover claims to pay provider for deductibles or coinsur charges the beneficary owes.
Crypt	Space in a mausoleum that encloses a casket with the remains of the deceased.
Custodial care (personal care)	Care, often provided by someone without professional training, to help individuals meet personal needs such as bathing, dressing and eating.
Daily benefit	Amount of insurance benefit (in dollars) paid to a beneficiary for daily long-term care expenses.
Decoupling	Act of levying a state tax that is not dependent on the rules of the federal system.
Default surrogate	Person, in the absence of an advance directive, who has decision-making authority to advise the physician.
Deferred annuity	Investment product in which payments do not begin immediately upon funding; rather, they are deferred until a future date.
Delirium	Reversible organic mental disorder characterized by disturbances of attention, memory and orientation with altered levels of consciousness ranging from mild confusion to stupor. Delusions, illusions or hallucinations may be present.
Delusion	False belief that persists despite logical argument and contradictory evidence.
Delusional disorder	Persistant delusions in the absence of other symptoms.
Demand bill	Stmt of cost submitted by medical care poviders to Medicare, even if they think that Medicare won't pay for a service. After a Medicare fiscal intermediary or carrier issues a denial, the senior can request reconsideration of the adverse decision.
Demand response (also called dial-a-ride)	Service that provides transportation from one specific location to another.
Dementia	Pervasive cognitive decline: sleep disturbances; lost interest in activities; poor attention/concentration; loss of appetite; agitation or retardation of movement; irritability; memory loss; difficulty organizing; lang deficits & later incontience.
Demographic transition	Change in population structure identified w/ developing countries & associated improvements in public health & medicine. As countries become developed they experience a shift from rapid growth rate to slow growth to zero growth to reduction in population.
Diabetes	Metabolic disorder in which the body is unable to properly utilize glucose. May be Type 1 IDDM (insulin-depependent diabetes mellitus) or Type 2 NIDDM (non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus).
Diabetes ketoacidosis	Emergency condition in which extremely high blood glucose levels, along with a sever lack of insulin, result in the breakdown of body fat for energy and an accumulation of ketones in the blood and urine.
Diastolic pressure	Measurement (the bottom number of a blood pressure reading) of the pressure remaining in the arteries betwen heart beats.
Direct cremation	Disposition where the deceased is cremated without embalming or funeral service with the body present.
Direct rollover	Tax-free transfer of cash or other property between two taxdeferred retirement plans where transferred cash or property never passes throught the hands of the owner.
Disability	Reduction in functional capacity that results from physiological, psychological or social impairments. Short- or long-term disability are a result of acute and chronic conditions, respectively.
Disclaim	Act of waiving the right to an inheirtance, resulting in the inheirtance passing to the next in line, in accordance with the terms of the will, trust or laws of intestacy.
Discrimination	Behaviors, specifically those that restrict, impair, exploit, humiliate or otherwise hurt seniors.
Disease	Interruption in the process of health, manifested by abnormalities or disturbances of functioning.
Disinhibition	Personal loss of normal behavioral limits of self-restraint, as through the influence of external stimuli such as drugs, alcohol, or as a result of brain damage,
Distribution	Outflow from a retirement plan. For mutual funds, a payment by a mutual fund to shareholders, either in cash or shares, for dividends received from securities in the fund or capital gains generated from the sale of securities in the fund.
Diversification	The process or stategy of investing in different types of assets to reduce risk.
Domestic elder abuse	Mistreatment of an older person by someone who has a special relationship with the elder (spouse, sibling, child, friend or caregiver) in either the older person's home or in the home of the caregiver.
Do not resuscitate (DNR) order	Physician's order, inserted into a patient's medical chart, stating that CPR shall not be used as a lifesaving procedure.
Dressing	Putting on and taking off all items of clothing and any necessary braces, fasteners or artificial limbs.
Durable power of attorney for health care (proxy stmt)	Legal document prepared by an individual authorizing a family member or friend to make health care decisions on their behalf in case of incompetence.
Dual enrollees	Individuals covered by both Medicare and Medicaid.
Dysphagia	Condition in which stroke patients have trouble eating and swallowing.
Dysthymia	Chronic; less severe form of depression including depressed mood most of the day, most days, for at least two years that causes significant distress or impairment in daily functioning.
Earned income credit (EIC)	Refundable tax credit created to assist low-income working families.
Eating	Feeding oneslf by getting food into the body from a receptacle (such as a plate, cup or table) or through feeding tube or intravenous delivery.
Elder cottage housing opportunity(ECHO)	Small, freestanding, removable housing units, typically in the side or backyard of a single-family home to provide housing for elderly parents so that they can be near their adult children for mutual aid and support but sill live independently.
Electroconvulsive therapy	Treatment that involves inducing a brain seizure by passing an electrical current through the brain for a few seconds via small electrodes attached to the head.
Elimination period (waiting period)	Length of time an individual must pay for covered services before the insurance company will begin to make payments. It serves as a kind of deductible. The longer the elimination period in the policy, the lower the premium.
Embalming	Process in which the body fluid of a decedent are drained and chemicals inserted to retard decay.
Emergency fund	Reserve cash available to handle emergencies. Financial planners typically recommend an amount equal to three to six months of fixed and variable expenses.
Empathy	Process of identifying with and understanding another's circumstances, feelings and motives.
Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA)	Federal law governing the operation of private tax-deferred retirement plans. Qualified employer-sponsored retirement plans must comply with ERISA.
Endurance activity	Activity that lasts at least 30 minutes conducted to increase breathing and build stamina, which supports independence and enjoyment of activities.
Equity	Onwnership in particular pertaining to having the right to share in future profits or appreciation in value (e.g. of property or stock).
Error theory	Hypothesis that aging is caused by environmentsl attacks to our body systems, resulting in damage over time.
Escort service	Transportation business or agency that picks up clients at home, guides them through appointments and then returns them home.
Estate	All property interests a person owns, including properrty over which the person exercises decisive control.
Estate plan	Documents that detail the instructions to be followed during disability or after death. People without an estate plan in effect choose to let the laws of the state provide the instructions to be followed during disability or after death.
Estate planning	Process of directing one's affairs to provide income, investments and appropriation of assets for oneslf or others during life or upon disability or death.
Estate tax	Tariff levied upon a decedent's estate by the federal government and some states, based on the value of the decedent's assets at death.
Estrogen	Sex hormone found primarily in women, but also in men. This hormone has many roles, one of which is to slow thinning of bone as one ages, but it also may help prevent fraility and disability.
Ethical wills	Systematic writing down or communicating one's intangible legacy of values to children and family members.
Euthanasia	Act or practice of terminating (which can take a variety of forms) the life of a person.
Excess charge	Fifteen percent markup on Medicare's approved amount allowed to physicians who do not accept assignment.
Exclusion	For tax the amt not considered when calc gross inc. includes amt that otherwise would be included in a taxpayers gross income except that a code section excludes it. Common exclus-muni bond inc, gift, inheritance, death ins proceeds, pers resid sale gain.
Executive functioning	Group of mental processes that includes problem solving, abstract thinking (recognizing, i.e. that an apple and an orange are both fruit), organization and judgement.
Executor (executrix or personal representative (PR)	Representative responsible for distributing property when an individual dies with a valid will.
Extraordinary medical measures	Medical treatment that would not provide a distinct benefit, would not serve a patient's best interest or would be considered unreasonable in improving or saving a patient's life.
Family household	Group of two or more people related by birth, marriage or adoption and residing together, along with other unrelated people who may be living in the housing unit.
Family limited partnership (FLP)	Agreement among family members about how to manage and own family wealth. In this agreement, it is common for the business owner to maintain control of the business while trasferring title.
Family partnership	Business agreement limited to only family members. Used by senior family members to transfer intersts in the business to junior family members at a reduced gift tax cost by means of valuation discounts.
Fiber	Portions of plants that mammals cannot digest and therefore cannot be absorbed through human intestines.
Filing status	Categorization of taxpayers used to determine deduction amounts and tax assessments. Each filer declares a filing status in their tax returns: married filing jointly or separately, single, head of household , estates and trusts.
Financial planning	Development and implementation of total, coordinated plans designed to achieve an individual's financial objectives.
Fiscal intermediaries (Medicare Part A)	Private companies contracted by the government to make coverage determinations and process Medicare claims.
Fixed-amount settlement option	Provides the beneficiary a stated amount of income each mo. until life ins proceeds are exhausted. Each pmt consists partly of interest and partly of principal. The insurer guarantees a min. rate, but usually pays the rate actually earned on investments.
Fixed-amount annuity	Retirement product in which the $ amount of payout must be at least the amt of prem pd. If the annuitant dies before full receipt of amt the remainder is payable to a beneficiary. The annuitant receives pmt til death even after the guaranteed amt is pd.
Fixed-income security	Investment that promises a stated amt of income either in form of periodic pmt or as a stated ending payout. B/c payouts are fixed these securities tend to be subject to interest rate risk & purchasing power risk.
Fixed-period annuity	Retirement product where # of pmts a recipient rcvs is guaranteed. If recipient dies b4 the guar # of distributed pmts the bal paid to bene. If the annuitant outlives the guaranteed period they will cont to rcv pmts until death but no benefits to bene.
Fixed-period settlement option	Retirement product stipulation that establishes a fixed period of time over which payments of life insurance policies are made to a beneficiary. Payment amounts vary based on the payout term chosen.
Fixed-route and scheduled services	Services that transport seniors along an established travel circuit with designated stops where riders can board and be dropped off.
Freedom-of-choice law	State statute that designates the next of kin to make funeral arrangements.
Free look	Period of time during which an investor may review contract and agreement papers while reserving the option to cancel or not commit to an investment or plan.
Fully insured	Having earned enough credits under Social Security. A fully insured person is eligible for survivor benefits for qualified spouse, child or depend parent; a death benefit pmt & retire benefits for himself, a spouse & child. Most need 40 credits to qualify
Functional age	Age as determined by what activities or actions a person is capable of.
Funeral	Ritual conducted to honor a decedent whose body is present.
Funeral director	Individual licensed by the states to arrange or prearrange funeral services.
Funeral rule	Trade rule issued by the Federal Trade Commission requiring funeral homes to disclose prices and prohibiting certain deceptive and unfair practices.
Garden plot	Cemetary gravesite that has no above-ground marker.
Gasketed	Term that describes a burial casket that has seals and other features that retard the entrance of water and protect against rust.
Gatekeeper	In the context of home observation programs, a service person who visits a home regularly and is trained to notice anything unusual or indication of need and report it to the local Area Agency on Aging.
General enrollment period	Time span (Jan 1 - Mar 31 of each year) during which eligible seniors may sign up for Medicare. The effective date of coverage is the following July 1.
Generalized anxiety disorder	Medical condition that impairs daily functioning, in which the sufferer experiences excessive worry or anxiety about multiple things.
Generativity	Act of attention to one's legacy for future generations.
Geriatric nurse practitioner (GNP)	Nurses who have completed advanced clinical education (often master's degree level) that focuses on the health and disease issues faced by seniors.
Geriatricians	Medical doctors (MD) or osteopaths (DO) who have completed a fellowship-training program in geriatrics.
Geriatrics	Medical study of aging.
Gerontology	Scientific study of the biological, psychological and social aspects of aging.
Gerotranscendence	Distinctive path toward age-connected spirituality that theorizes that srs are predisposed to consider the spiritual dimension, including a preoccupation with the interconnection among generations, the relation between life & death & the mystery of life.
Gift splitting	Act of doubling tax exclusion amounts of $11,000 per person per year by each exercising the exclusion, effectively allowing a couple to gift a total of $22,000.
Glaucoma	Elevated pressure within the eye that can result in damage to the retina.
Glucose tolerance	Ability of the body to control blood sugar (glucose).
Grave liner	Product used to limit ground settlement with in-ground burials. Liners are usually made of concrete.
Grief	Psycological response to the loss of a loved person or object.
Gross income	Amt used as the starting point for calculating income taxes. It includes all inc from all sources - wages, commissions, tips, honoraria, int, div, net biz inc, rent, royalties, gambling inc, and partnership inc.
Growth hormone	Human hormone that promotes physical growth through the complex interaction of several hormones and growth factors.
Guaranteed renewable	Condition of an insurance policy that unless its benefits have been exhausted it cant be cancelled by an ins co & must b renewed when expires. Under this condition the co cant change the coverage or refuse to renew coverage other than non-pmt.
Guardian	Court-appointed fiduciary responsible for a minor or incompetent person.
Hallucination	False perception believed to be real that occurs in the absence of adequate sensory experience.
Hands-on assistance	Physical help (minimal, moderate or maximal) without which an individual would not be able to perform one or more activities of daily living.
Health care	Treatment or procedure to diagnose or attempt to relieve or cure a physical condition.
Health care proxy	Individual in an advance directive named to make health care decisions when the patient is incapacitated.
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)	Federal health insurance legislatin passed in 1996 that allows under specified conditions long-term care insurance policies to be qualified for certain tax benefits.
Health maintenance orgniztion (HMO)	Institution that provides comprehensive service benefits, with emphasis on preventative care. Care typically provided through physicans and facilities that contract with or are managed by the organization.
Heir	Person entitled to inherit property under state intestacy statutes.
Hemiparesis	One sided weakness, though less dibilitating than paralysis.
Hemiplegia	Paralysis on one side of the body, a common disability that results from stroke.
Hemorrhagic stroke	Bursting of a brain artery that spreads blood into the surrounding tissue.
High-density lipoprotein (HDL)	"Good cholesterol" that appears to act as a kind of scouring agent, cleansing the arteries of plaque.
Home and community-based service (HCBS)	Service that allows people of all ages who have physical limitations to remail independent in the lest restrictive setting possible and to be connected with their community.
Home and community-based services waiver	Also caled 1915(c) waiver, stipulation that gives states flexibility to develop and implement creative alternatives to institutionalization.
Home health care	In-home services for nursing care or occupational, physical, respiratory or speech therapy. Also included are medical, socail worker, home health aide, and homemaker services. Home health care services may be temporary, intermittent or long-term.
Homebound	Condition in which a patient has a normal inability to leve home and leaving home requires a considerable and taxing effort.
Homemaker services	Companies who assume duties required in a normal household when a homeowner or resident is unable to complete such duties themselves.
Homesharing	Living arrangement in which a homeowner rents out a room or rooms in exchange for either rent or a combination of compainionship, housework, yard work, grocery shopping, or rent.
Hospice	Medical institution focused on meeting the physical, emotional and spiritual needs of those dying and their grieving families.
Household	People who occupy a single housing unit. HH includes related family members & all unrelated people, if any, such as boarders, foster children, etc who live together. A person living alone or group of unrelated people living together is counted as a HH
Housing unit	Apartment, house, trailer or any other structure designed for people to live in.
Hyperosmolarity	Condition when the blood is concentrated w/ sodium, glucose & other molecules normally attract water into the bloodstream. When kidneys are conserving water, however this creates a vicious cycle of increasing blood-glucose levels & increasing dehydration.
Hypertension	Abnormally high blood pressure
Immediate burial	Final dispostion in which the deceased is buried without embalming or a funeral service with the body present.
Impoverishment	Outliving one's income or assets.
Incapacity (loss of capacity)	Patient's inability, as determined by a physician, to make their own health care decisions, caused by pain, medications, brain damage or an unconscious state.
Income cap states	States that set an income threshold for MEdicaid disability and deny applications based upon the existance of income that exceeds the threshold.
Incontinence	Inability to control the release of urine and feces.
Indemnity method	Process of paying insurance benefits in which the benefit is a set dollar amount and is not based on a specific service received or on expenses incurred. The insurance company needs to decide only if you are eligible for benefits.
Indirect rollover	Transfer of cash/property between tax-def retirement plans not limited to qualified plans or IRAs when owner takes temporary receipt of funds. The amt rolled over is tax-free & w/o penalty by the 60th day after distribution. Subject to mandatory W/H.
Individual annuity	Investment product that provides annual pmts over the life of one individual.
Individual retirement account (IRA)	Investment plan that any individual with earned income can establish and fund. An individual may contribute no more than $3,000 in one year to an IRA and the contribution may be fully deductible, patially deductible or not deductible.
Infantilize	To treat or condescend a person as if they were still a young child.
Infarction	Death of brain cells
Inflation	General increase in the level of prices within the economy due to the devaluation of the dollar (i.e. more dollars are required to buy a particular item).
Inflation protection	Insurance policy option that provides for increases in benefit levels to help pay for expected increases in the costs of long-term care services.
Inflow	Pertaining to the cash flow statement, the dollars, such as from salary, dividends, interest, rental income, alimony, child support or investment redemptions, received by an individual during a particular period.
Informal support network	Group of people, composed of family members, friends and neighbors, who collecively care for someone who face chronic illness or disability.
Information return	Tax return that provides information to the tax collector but does not compute the tax liability.
Information triage	Narrowing of information by the brain to a level or amount the conscious mind can handle
Informed consent	Legal condition whereby a person can be said to have agreed or given consent to allow something to happen based on a full appreciation and understanding of the facts and implications of the action.
Initial enrollment period	Span of time during which seniors who did not elect to take early retirement benefits may enroll in Medicare. They have seven months to enroll, starting three months before the month of their 65th birthday.
Institutional abuse	Mistreatment of an older person living in a residential facility by people who have a legal or contractual obligation to provide the elder victim with care and protection.
Institutionalized spouse (IS)	Spouse who lives in a nursing facility while the partner continues living at home.
Instrumental activity of daily living (IADL)	Activities needed for independent living, including using the telephone, preparing food, shopping and handling finances.
Insurance	Device by which an individual can contract with another party to exchange a large, uncertain risk for a relatively small, certain premium.
Insidious onset	Development of a disease in which the disease's presence is not apparent at the beginning.
Interest settlement option	Beneficiary's choice to leave life insurance proceeds with the insurer to accumulate interest at a guaranteed rate. MAny insurers pay interest above the guaranteed rate, consistent with investment earnings.
Interment	In-ground burial
Interdependence	Mutual, reciprocal relationship between two or more people, whereby people get their needs met better together than they would alone and can also increase the resources available to a person.
Intestate	Condition in which a person dies without a valid will in place. Property in such cases is distributed in accordance with state law.
Intimacy	Mutual, exchange of affection, trust and confidence.
Intubation	Threading a tube to a patient's lungs to provide ventilation or mechanical respiration.
Inurnment	Placing cremated remains in an urn.
Invasive cancer	Cancer that progesses to invade surrounding tissues.
Irrevocable beneficiary designation	Assignment of a beneficiary to a life insurance policy in which the policy owner does not retain the right to change the named beneficiary.
Irrevocable life insurance trust (ILIT)	Institution that owns the life insurance policies of a person. It pays the premiums to keep the insurance in force, collects the death benefits when the insured dies and distributes the money according to the terms of the trust.
Ischemic stroke	Sudden block of an artery supplying the brain with blood that decreases or stops blood flow to the brain.
Itemized deduction	Specialized expenses that are totaled and then subtracted from the AGI in the tax calculation process. Total itemized deductions are used in place of the standard deduction if the total itemized deduction amount exceeds the std. ded. amt for the taxpayer.
Joint and last survivor annuity	Annuity product option in which the annuity is paid over the lifetimes of more than one person. When the first annuitant dies, the annuity payments for the survivor continue, but are sometimes reduced by a quarter or half.
Joint survivorship life insurance	Life insurance that covers more than one life. First-to-die life insurance pays benefits upon the death of the first of the two parties to die.
Joint tenants	Property that is owned simultaneously by more than one person.
Lawn crypt	Below-ground mausoleum
Lean body mass	Total of all parts of the body that are not body fat and are biologically active tissues (e.g. bones, vital organ tissue, central nervous system)
Level of burden index	Scale that measures the challenges caregivers face. The index combines the number of ADL's and IADL's that require help, as well as the amount of time devoted to care giving.
Life expectancy	Length of time that estimates the number of years a person will live.
Life income annuity	Annuity product in which payments are distributed only until the annuitant dies. No benefits are payable to a beneficiary.
Life income with period certain settlement option	Life ins option when pmts are guar for stated time (10-20 yrs) then if the annuitant is still alive, they cont. to rec pmts until death w/ no benefit for a bene. If the annuitant dies b4 the guar period is over, pmt cont to a bene until end or guar period
Life span	Maximum length of time biologically possible for a given species.
Life stage	Combination of physical and social attributes that define periods of a person's life such as adolescence, young adulthood, adulthood, middle age, later maturity and old age.
Lifelines (life review)	Activity in which participants recall key events and life altering or meaningful experiences that powerfully affected their lives.
Life-sustaining procedure	Medical treatment used to prolong life without reversing underlying medical conditions. This could include medical ventilation, renal dialysis, chemotherapy, artificail nutrtion and hydration and other treatments.
Lifetime reserve days	Sixty days of coverage guaranteed to each Medicare beneficiary who has exhausted a standard benefit period's 90 inpatient days and remains hospitalized.
Lipoprotein	Combination of cholesterol and protein that circulates in the bloodstrem.
Living trust (inter vivos trust)	Trust that is established during the life of the grantor. A revocable trust is a trust that can be changed or revoked at any time by the individual who established it.
Living will	Document signed by a competent person stating what health care measures should or should not be taken in terminal situations if the person is incompetent to make such decisions at that time.
Look-back period	Span of time beg. on the date of a Medicaid application going back 36 months for transfers of money to an individual and 60 months for transfers to trusts. Transfers within the look-back period create a period of Medicaid ineligibility.
Long-term care insurance (LTC)	Coverage for various custodial care expenses in the event the insured becomes incapacitated as defined in the poicy.
Long-term care rider	Sometimes included as an attachment to life insurance policies, provides coverage for various custodial care expenses in the event that the insured person becomes incapacitated as defined in the policy.
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)	"Bad cholesterol" that contributes to the development of heart disease by causing waxy, obstructive plaque buildup within the coronary arteries of the heart.
Lump-sum distribution	Retiremt plan distr with these 4 req: made in 1 tax yr, representative of the full bal to the participant's credit from all qualified plans of a single type; payable at death, attainment of age 59 1/2 or separation of serv & made from qualified plan.
Macular degeneration	Deterioration of the tissue in the center of the retina (the macula) resulting in decreased central vision and reduced ability to see fine detail.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)	Procedure using a nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer to produce electronic images of spefic atoms and molecular structures in solids, especially human cells, tissues and organs.
Major depressive episode	Period more than 2 wks a person feels sad or lost interst or enjoyment in life; & changes in appetite & sleep, agitation or retardation of movement, fatigue, feelings of worthlessness or guilt, attention & concentration problems or thoughts of suicide.
Major medical insurance	Insurance that covers medical expenses incurred inside and outside of a hospital. It features cost sharing devices (such as deductibles and coinsurance) and a relatively high maximum limit for covered expenses.
Mania	Period of elevated or irritable mood, inflated self esteem, decresed need for sleep, extreme talkativeness, racing thoughs or shifting ideas, high distractability, increased activity or dangerous behavior that impairs daily functioning.
Marginal tax bracket	Tax rate at which the last dollar of income is taxed.
Married couple household with own children	Husband and wife living together with children by birth, adoption or marriage who are under the age of 18 and never married.
Marital deduction	Tax deduction that allows for unlimited gifts to a spouse who is an AMerican citizen.
Marital trust	Trust that mandates that the income of the trust be paid to the surviving spouse.
Mausoleum	Building containing crypts for the burial of the dead.
Means-tested	Description of a program that is available to those who meet financial requirements such as Medicaid.
Medicaid	Program that provides medical assistance for certain individuals and families who have low incomes and resources. It is a jointly funded cooperative program between the federal and state governments.
Medical model	Delivery of health care under the supervision of physicians and nurses.
Medically needy	Definition of Medicaid applicants whose income levels are higher than others receiving assistance but who have medical bills in excess of their income.
Medicare	Federal program providing hospital and medical insurance to people ages 65 and older and to certain ill or disabled persons. Benefits for nursing home and home health services are limited.
Medigap	Insurance sold by private companies that is intended to supplement Medicare coverage.
Melatonin	Hormone that appears to play a part in regulating seasonal changes in the body and assists with sleep.
Member of a protected class	Individuals residing in a family home who qualify it as a non-countable resource in the Medicare application. The members include dependents, bro/sis w/ equity int in home & resided in home @ least 1 yr, or child residing @ least 2yr caring for applicant.
Memorial park	Cemetary restricting burials to garden plots or sites with no above-ground markers.
Memorial service	Ritual to honor the dead without the body being present.
Memorialization	Installation of a grave marker or memorial to honor the dead.
Mercy killing	Intentional act of a health care provider or individual to take the life of a patient. This is a criminal offense, regardless of the motivation.
Metabolism	Body's chemical processes that build and destroy tissue and release energy, thereby generating heat.
Metastatic cancer	Cancer that migrates to distant locations.
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI)	Subtle but measurable memory disorder. A person with MCI experiences memory problems greater than normally expected with aging, but they do not show other symptoms of dementia, such as impaired judgement or reasoning.
Miller Trust	Certain trust that may be set up to create an exemption to help an applicant qualify for Medicaid.
Minimum monthly maintenance needs allowance (MMMNA)	Certain portion of an institutionalized spouse's income permitted to a community spouse to bring the community spouse's income up to the minimum monthly maintenance needs allowance.
Minimum required distribution	AMount that must be withdrawn from a retirement account once a cretain age is reached.
Molecule	Smallest unit into which a substance can be divided.
Money market deposit account	Investment vehicle available through savings & loan associations and banks. Earnings rates are determined by the institution and tend to be lower than rates for money market funds.
Mourning	Social and cultural response to loss.
Mutual fund	Open-end investment tool that pools money of many investors and hires an investment advisor to invest that money in order to achieve one or more financial objectives.
Net worth	Residual value after liabilities are subtracted from assets. Net worth represents the amount that is owned by an individual or family if unencumbered by debt.
Neuroplasticity	Ability to learn new things even into advanced age.
Nondeductible IRA	Individual retirement account in which contributions are taxable as part of current income.
Nonforfeiture option	Limited to permanent life insurance policies, the three standard non-forfeiture options are: lump-sum distribution of cash value, reduced paid-up insurance and extended term insurance.
Nonparticipating life policy	Insurance agreement in which excess premium payments (dividends) are not distributed to the policy owner.
Noncancelable policy	Insurance contract that cannot be cancelled nor have its rates changed by the insurance company.
Nonfamily household	Person living alone, or two or more people who live together but who are not related, such as roommates or boarders.
Normal retirement age	Age at which full Social Security old-age benefits are available or otherwise specified in documents.
Nursing home	Specifically qualified facility with staff & equipment to provide round-the-clock skilled nursing care or rehabilitation services & other related health services. Its occupants need at least some assistance w/ an avg of 3.8 activities of daily living.
Old-Age, Survivors, Disability, and Health Insurance (OASDHI) program	Protection for qualified participants and their beneficiaries against losses associated with retirement, death, disabilty and illness.
Old-Age, Survivors and Disability Insurance (OASDI)	Technical name for the Social Security program.
Obsession	Persistent thought, idea or image that is anxiety provoking and at least initially, believed by an individual to be absurd.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)	Mental condition defined by recurrent obsessions or compulsions that are severe enough to impair the individual's daily functioning.
Occupational therapist	Health professional who works with patients to improve their ability to perform activities of daily living and tasks in their work environment.
Organ	Aggregate of many different cells, held together by a supporting structure, that performs a specfic function in the body.
Organizational determination	Date from which a person has 60 days to request review of coverage denial under a Medicare Advantage plan.
Osteoarthritis	Noninflammatory disorder of movable joints characterized by an imbalance between the synthesis and degradation of the articular cartilage, leading to the classic pathologic changes of wearing away and destruction of the cartilage.
Osteoporosis	Weakening of the bone structure as bone cell breakdown outpaces new bone cell formation.
Outflow	Expenditure or use of cash.
Outer burial container	Generic term used to describe grave liners and vaults.
Out-of-hospital do not resuscitate (DNR) order	Doctor's order authorizing emergency medical services technicians to honor a DNR order. Patients may wear some form of identification, such as a bracelet to inform technicians of the DNR.
Palliative care (comfort care)	End-of-life care focused not on curing a disease or condition, but on treating pain and physical symptoms, along with providing emotional and spiritual support.
Panic attack	Limited period (usually several minutes) of intense fear that comes on unexpectantly, accompanied by multiple physical symptoms.
Parkinson's disease	Progressive nervous disease, occuring most often after age 50, associated with the destruction of brain cells that produce dopamine. Characterized by muscular tremor, slowing of movement, partial facial paralysis, peculiarity of gait & posture & weakness.
Participating policy	Type of insurance policy in which dividends (actually return of premiums that were excessive, given the insurer's actaul claims experience or level of expenses) may be paid to the policy owner.
Partnership policy	Type of policy that allows the insured to protect (keep) some assets if they apply for Medicaid after using policy benefits.
Patient's best interest	Guideline for use by proxy, physician or hospital ethics committees for determining health care decisions when a senior's treatment wished are unknown.
Patient Self Determination Act (42 U.S.C. 1985cc(f) & 1396a(w)	Federal legislation requiring institutional health care providers participating in the Medicare or Medicaid programs to inform patients of their right to complete advance directives.
Payable-on-death (POD) account	Savings account opened with a funeral director or cemetarian used to fund services, burial or cremation upon death of the accountholder.
Pension plan	Qualified employee retirement plan. Defined benefit plan=provides retirement benefit to employee, Defined contribution plan=provides for contributions from employees & an retirment benfit = to value of account balance at retirement.
Permanent life insurance	Policy that has cash value and is designed to be kept until death. These contracts include: adjustable life, endowments, interst sensitive whole life, limited pay policies, universal life, variable life, variable universal life and whole life,
Perpetual care	Service and fund to maintain a grave site forever.
Persistent vegetative state	Condition that limite cognitive function, caused by injury to the cerebal cortex.
Personal emergency response system (PERS)	Electronic device designed to let a user summon help in an emergency.
Personal exemption	Dollar amount that a taxpayer generally may deduct for each person supported by the income reported on the tax form. Exemptions are subject to phase-out (elimination) based on an excess
Personal financial planning	Process of determining whether and how an individual can meet life goals through the proper management of financial income and assets.
Personal model (consumer-directed personal assistance services)	Method of individual health care delivery in which a senior receives in-home services from personal assistants who are not supervised by medical professionals.
Phobia	Extreme fear of a specific situation or object
Physical therapist	Health professional who provides services to help patients restore function, improve mobility, relieve pain and prevent physical disabilities.
Polypharmacy	Management of multiple prescription medications for seniors dealing with several chronic illnesses simultaneously.
Power of attorney	Written document executed by one person who authorizes another person to act on his or her behalf.
Planned giving	Method of distributing assets that provides donors with addtl economic benefits for themselves or other beneficiaries. Planned giving incl the use of charitable gift annuities, pooled inc trusts, char trust split int gifts & char family lmtd partnerships.
Planned senior apartment (independent living)	Housing designated for and designed with specific features for older people. Services offered can range from basic maintenance to housekeeping, meal plans, social activities, transportation and exercise rooms.
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)	Mental condition from traum event. May involve recurrent thoughts /nightmares /reliving event, great distress, avoiding thoughts of people involved, feeling distant, difficulty w/ emotions, irritability /trouble sleeping /concentrating /hyperawareness
Pour-over will	Provision of a will that instructs a court to transfer or pour over a dead person's probate assets into a trust, used if a senior has a trust and dies owning property that was not transferred to it.
Prearrangement	Advance planning for a funeral or burial, sometimes structured with an agreement to deliver specific goods and services.
Prejudice	Negative attitude toward a category or group of people based not on current experience but on preconceived beliefs; favorable or unfavorable belief about the characteristics of a category or a group.
Preneed	Funeral or cemetary purchase made before a death.
Preneed plan	Arrangement for a funeral or burial in advance of need.
Presbycusis	The most common age-related hearing loss; a sensoineural disturbance by death of the hair cells in the inner ear.
Primary insurance amount (PIA)	Monthly payment to retired workers who begin receiving benefits at full retirement age of if they are disabled and have never received a retirement benefit reduced for age.
Private annuity	Transfer of property to an individual not regularly engaged in the issuance of annuities, in exchange for an unsecured promise of periodic lifetime payments.
Private contract	Agreement for medical services between a patient and a provider who does not give services through Medicare. Assignment does not apply to private contracts.
Probate	Legal process of abministrating and distributing an estate after death.
Productive aging	Concept of the older population w/ greater capacity for employment, volunteering, caregiving. As the older pop has become healthier, more active & econ secure, productive aging emerges 2 contrdict negative views-frail, immobile, vulnerable, uncontributing
Professionally managed service	Care arrangement in which someone other than the senior makes the decisions about care and services.
Program of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE)	Health insurance benefit that features a comprehensive medical and social service delivery system and integrated Medicare and Medicaid funding.
Programmed theory	Hypothesis that aging follows a biological timetable.
Psychotic	Condition in which an individual exhibits symptoms of not being in touch with reality, primarily through hallucinations and delusions.
Pure life income option	Life insurance stipulation that pays proceeds over the lifetime of the beneficiary, with no residual benefits available to a second beneficiary if the first one dies.
Qualitative	Relating to or expressed in terms of quality. Qualitative research is based on individual, often subjective analysis.
Quantitative	Relating to or involving the measurement of quantity or amount. Quantitative research is often considered objective and repeatable by separate researchers under similar conditions.
Quarter of coverage	Measurement used to determine worker's insured status & therefore, the amount and type of benefits available under Social Security. A worker is credited with 1 qtr of coverage, up to a max of 4 annually for each $500 of earnings thru covered employment
Radiation therapy	Use of x-rays or gamma rays to kill tumor cells in difficult to reach locations. Radiation is also used to eliminate a tumor w/o destroying large amounts of good tissue.
Reasonable and necessary care	Medicare rule used to categorize individual health care decisions.
Rebating	Giving and promising a valuable gift if in exchange for the purchases of an insurance policy or other investment.
Reduced paid-up insurance option	Life insurance stipulation allowing a policyholder to take the cash value of a policy as paid-up but for a reduced face amount.
Refund life income settlement option	Life insurance option that provides the beneficiary with lifetime income with the guarantee that if the beneficiary dies before receiving the full amount of the original life proceeds, the shortfall will paid to an alternate beneficiary.
Religiosity	Devoutness or excessive devotion to religion.
Remains	Body of the deceased. (Cremains are remains of a cremated body.)
Representative payee	Individual or organization that receives Social Security or SSI payments on behalf of an individual who cannot manage or direct someone else to manage his or her money.
Required beginning date (RBD)	For individual retirement accounts (IRAs), qualified plans, and section 403(b) arrangements, the date by which distributions must begin.
Required minimum distribution	Lowest annual required distribution amount for an IRS holder who reaches age 70 1/2.
Respite care	Occasional care provided by a third party for the purpose of relieving family caregivers for a period of a few hours to several days.
Revocable beneficiary designation	Naming of a life insurance beneficiary in which the policy owner retains the right to change the beneficiary.
Rheumatoid arthritis	Chronic disease marked by stiffness and inflammation of the joints, weknessm loss of mobility and deformity.
Rider	Addition to an insurance policy that changes the provisions of the policy.
Ridesharing program	Service that arranges for seniors to be driven by volunteer drivers to specific destinations.
Right of survivorship	Right inherent to some forms of property ownership that entitles surviving owners to succeed to a deceased owner's interest in the property outside of probate.
Role	Pattern of individual activity that occurs within a specific type of social situation.
Rollover	Movement of funds from one retirement plan to another.
Roth IRA	Nondeductible IRA with several unique features: withdrawals are not taxable if left in the acct for 5 yrs; the owner may continue to make contributions to the acct after they are 70 1/2; & there is no req. beg date for withdrawals.
Sarcopenia	Combination muscle loss and increased body fat that results in overall weakening of the body.
Schizophrenia	Chronic and severely disabling disorder with symptoms of hallucinations and delusions, disorganized speech and behavior and deficiency of motivation, emotional expression or speech.
Section 1115 demonstration waiver	Medicaid rule that offers flexibility to states in delivering Medicaid long-term care services.
Self employment tax	Social security tax imposed on income earned by selfemployed individuals.
Self-neglect	Behavior of some older adults, such as refusing or failing to acquire adequate food, water, clothing, shelter, personal hygiene, medication or safety precautions, which threatens their health and safety.
Senescence	Progressive deterioration of many bodily functions over a period of time.
Separate property	Property that was acquired by either spouse b4 marriage or individual funds. Ownership of this property belongs exclusively to the spouse that held it prior to marriage, inherited or received it or purchased it w/ individual funds.
Sepsis	Infection in the blood or other tissues.
Serial caregiving	Care giving in which each successive caregiver burns out and is replaced by another person.
Serotonin reuptake inhibitor	Medicine that relieves symptoms of depression.
Skilled care	Daily nursing & rehab care performed only by or under the superv of skilled medical personnel. This care is usually needed 24 hrs/day, must be ordered by dr & must follow a plan of care. Indiv usually get skilled care in a nursing home or in other place.
Social gerontology	Study of the social lives of older people.
Social phobia	Extreme fear of public or performance situations in which an individual may feel threatened or embarassed.
Social Security	Government program that covers workers meeting certain past-service requirements & their qualified dependents are eligible for limited retirement, medical, disability & death benes. The program is funded thru a special inc tax on covered workers.
Social Security Disability Income (SSDI)	Benefit for disabled people under full retirement age who have enough Social Security credits and a severe medical impairment that is expected to prevent them from doing substantial work for a yr or more or have condition that is to result in death.
Social support	Network that provides people with a sense of being loved, cared for, esteemed and valued.
Society	Extended group of relationships that has a distinctive cultural and economic organization.
Special enrollment period	Time after an employer's health plan coverage ceases to be a person's primary insurance (usually at retirement) during which a senior may enroll in Medicare without penalty.
Spending down	Expending assets in order to qualify for Medicaid.
Spirituality	Basic value around which all other values are focused; central philosophy of life that guides a person's conduct; supernatural and nonmaterial dimensions of human nature.
Stage model of grief	Theory of emotional progession through distinct stages in response to a traumatic event or loss.
Standard deduction	Deduction from AGI that any taxpayer may take, with the amount available being determined by the taxpayers filing status. The standard deduction is used in place of itemized deductions if the standard deducation exceeds the itemized ded amt available.
Standby assistance	Arrangement in which a caregiver stays close to an individual to watch over and provide physical assistance if necessary.
State Health Insurance Counseling and Assistance Program (SHIP)	Program with trained volunteers who offer unbiased, one-on-one counseling to help Medicare beneficiaries understand their health insurance benefits and options.
Statement of financial position (balance sheet)	Declaration that identifies the assets, liabilities and net worth of an individual or family.
Stock insurance company	For-profit insurer owned by stockholders.
Stop loss (upper limit)	Maximum out-of-pocket amount.
Stretch-out IRA	Retirement account with a beneficiary named who will keep money in a retirement account as long as possible after the death of the original account holder.
STUG (Sudden, Temporary Upsurge of Grief) reaction	Behavior seen in response to a specific emotional event.
Subdural hemotoma	Collection of blood and blood breakdown products between the surface of the brain and its outermost covering (the dura) that remains even several weeks after an injury.
Substance dependence	Mental disorder surrounding abuse of specific medication or drug. Includes development of tolerance for the substance; withdrawal symptoms; considerable time spent obtaining, consuming & recovering from use; desire/ unsuccess efforts to reduce amt or stop
Substantial assistance	Hands-on or standby help required for a person to accomplish activities of daily living.
Substantial gainful activity (SGA)	Income-producing work that provides enough money to make a person ineligible for benefits.
Substituted judgement	An interpretive decision based on a patient's advance directive.
Subtrust (bypass trust, family trust, credit shelter trust)	Investment vehicle used to avoid the marital deduction & apply the estate tax coupon of the first spouse to die. A subtrust provides that the surviving spouse is primary beneficiary & may even provide that the surviving spouse is trustee of the subtrust.
Sundowning	Behaviorial disorder associated with an increase in confusion and agitation during evening hours.
Supplemental Security Income (SSI)	Federal program funded by general tax revenues designed to help the aged, blind and disabled people who have little or no income & require help meeting basic needs for food, clothing and shelter.
Systolic pressure	Measurement (the upper number of a blood pressure reading) of the pressure blood exerts on the arterial walls during heartbeats.
Task model of grief	Concept of dealing with grief in which an individual has a number of tasks to complete. The effort given to each task may increase or decrease in importance over the course of grief.
Tax credit	$ for $ deduction that offsets calculated tax. Credits are allowed for the elderly & permanently & totaly disabled, child & dependent care expenses, foriegn tax pd, exp for the construction & rehab of qualified low-inc housing & certain education expenses
Tax elimination (or reduction)	Technique that uses deductions, exemptions and credits to reduce otherwise taxable income or the tax itself or a technique that results in nontaxable income or economic benefit that is not taxable.
Taxable income	Amount upon which the appropriate income tax is calculated. It consists of income after subtracting adjustments, deductions and personal exemptions.
Tax-deductible	Term that describes expenses that may be excluded from current taxable income.
Tax-deferred	Term that describes earnings or income not subject to federal income taxes until a later date. Regarding earnings produced within an IRA, taxdeferred earnings are taxed only upon distribution to the account owner.
Tax-qualified long-term care insurance policy	Policy that conforms to standards in federal law and offers certain federal tax advantages.
Tenant-based assisted housing	Program that makes it possible for eligible low-income applicants to afford rental housing available in the private market.
Termlife insurance (pure protection)	Life insurance that providesprotection for a stated period and pays benefits only if the insured dies within that period.
Testosterone	Hormone primarily found in men, but also in women in small amounts. Although production of testosterone peaks in early adulthood, most men in older age still produce amounts within normal limits.
Thermogenesis	Body's way of generating heat through shivering.
Tinnitus	Hearing condition accompanied by some hearing loss, frequently referred to as ringing in the ears but often sounding more like buzzing, chirping crickets, blowing, roaring or popping.
Tissue	Group of cells that makes up a part of the body.
Toileting	Getting to and from the toilet, getting on and off the toilet and performing the associated personal hygiene.
Totten Trust	Simple trust agreement that makes a funeral director or cemeterian the beneficiary. The consumer is the owner and during life controls the account and pays taxes on any earnings. At death, the principal and earnings are paid to the funeral home/ cemetary.
TRaditional funeral	End-of-life ceremony with a series of rituals and customs to honor the dead, including embalming of the body, an open casket arrangments, services at a house of worship and an interment.
Traditional giving	Method of distributing assets when donor enjoys satisfaction of supporting worthwhile causes while recvig tax deduction. In addition to outright lifetime gifts, traditional giving may include leaving items to charity @ death or gifting life ins to charity
Traditional nuclear family	Living arrangement consisting of a husband and wife living together with children by birth or adoption only; with the father as the sole breadwinner and the mother as a full-time mother.
Transferring	Act of moving into and out of bed, chair or wheelchair
Transient ischemic attack (TIA)	Mini-stroke caused by temporary disturbance of blood supply to an area of the brain, resulting in a sudden, brief decrease in brain function. It lasts less than 24 hours, most ofter lass than one hour.
Traumatic grief	Syndrome w/ 2 clusters of symptoms: separation distress symptoms inc searching & yearning for deceased, having intrusive thoughts about deceased & experiencing excessive loneliness since death & trauma symptoms similar to posttraumatic stress disorder.
Treasury bill	Short-term obligation of the United States government that is issued at a discount & redeemed at face value upon maturity. Income received upon maturity is not taxed at a state or local level.
Treasury bond	Long-term obligation of the United States government. Interest is paid semi-annually and is not taxed at a state or local level.
Treasury note	Intermediate-term obligation of the United States government. Interest is paid semi-annually and is not taxed at a state or local level.
Trust	Fiduciary arrangement set up by a grantor whereby property is held and managed for a named beneficiary by a third party, known as a trustee.
Trustee	Person or organization that holds legal title to property held in a trust. The trustee holds and manages the property for the benefit of the trust beneficiary or beneficiaries.
Twisting	Use of misleading term, jargon, language that is confusing.
Underwriting	Process of examining, accepting or rejecting insurance risks, then classifying those selected, in order to charge the proper premium for each.
Urn	Container used to hold cremated remains.
Values audit	Review used to understand what is important when setting personal goals.
Valued social role	Position in society deemed worthy of value.
Values questionnaire	Inquiry that can help prioritize what matters most to a person.
Variable annuity	Investment product in which the benefits paid out vary according to changes in the value of the portfolio supporting the annuity.
Vascular dementia	Step-like deterioration in intellectual functions that results from multiple infarctions of the cerebral hemisphere.
Vascular depression	Syndrome often experienced by people w/ vascular illness when they experience relatively little guilt or sadness, but have poor motivation or initiative, move very slowly & do not recognize that what they are experiencing is related to a mental disorder
Vault	Structure used in lining a grave to limit settlement with in-ground burials. Vaults are normally made of steel-reinforced concrete and lined with metal or asphalt.
Ventilation	Mechanical respiration
Viewing	Funreal practice in which the deceased lies in a casket and family and friends are allowed to view the embalmed remains.
Vital capacity (VC)	Amount of ait that can be taken in and breathed out rapidly in one very deep breath as a measurement of lung function.
VO2 max (maximum oxygen consumption)	Measure of the ability of the heart and cardiovascular system to respond to stress.
Waiver of liability	Rule that applies when a senior did not know or could not be expected to know that Medicare would deny payment for lack of medical necessity.
Waiver of premium	Provision in an insurance policy that relieves the insured of paying the premiums while receiving benefits.
Whole life insurance	Insurance coverage that furnishes life insurance protection at a level premium amount for the insured's whole life and includes a savings element on which a minimum rate of return is guaranteed.
Will	Legal document that specifies how a person wishes to distribute probate property and provides other instructions in the event of death.
Windfall elimination provision	Method of figuring retirement or disability benefits when a recipient receives a pension from work not covered by Social Security. The formula used to figure the benefit is modified, resulting in a lower amount.
Zero hour	Time for family members to consider how much each will contribute to caregiving of the senior.

Created by: lastorer@cox.net

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