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Logical Fallacies

Brief definitions of the logical fallacies

QuestionAnswer
What is a mistake in logic called? A fallacy
Equivocation Equivocation is when the same term is used with two or more different meanings during an argument.
Straw Man When one argues against the most weak or ridiculous version of your opponent’s argument instead of the more reasonable idea he/she holds.
Ad Hominem "Against the man;" instead of addressing the argument, you attack the opponent.
Ad Misericordiam This a fallacy in which the arguer only appeals to a person’s sense of pity.
Dicto Simpliciter Applying a statement without qualification. It ignores special cases that require the statement to be more fully explained
Stereotyping A fallacy that assumes that all types of particular people will behave/think a certain way
Non Sequitur Literally means, “It does not follow.” A fallacy in which conclusion does not follow from the reasons or evidence given.
Begging the Question In this fallacy, you assume what you set out to prove.
Hasty Generalization In this fallacy, you assume that because so many examples are one way, all other examples must be the same way.
Post Hoc In this fallacy, the person assumes that one thing is the cause of another, simply because the first thing occurred before the second thing.
False Analogies Though analogies can be extremely useful, a false analogy assumes that an analogy proves something to be true.
Created by: EmilyMTaber
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