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Test 5 Vol
Glossary test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| That branch of philosophy that deals with such ontological problmes as the relation between mnds and brains, minds and computers, and minds and behavior. | philosophy of mind |
| The ontoloicalvew that relity is composed of multiplicity of things or differen kinds of things and that this multipliciy cannot be reduced to one or two categories. | pluralism |
| The branch of philosophy that explores questions concerning the justification of political entities and political entities and political relationships | political philosophy |
| A loosely applied term, desgnating an intellectual posture skeptical of epistemologies, ontologies, and institutions (government, academic, military, medical, religious) of the modern western tradition | postmodernism |
| An American philosophy that claims that the meaning of an idea can be established by determining what practical difference would be produced by believing the idea to be true | pragmatism |
| This theory asserts that to talk about the truth of proposition is to talk about its power to work -- the truth is relative and not absolute. | pragmatic theory of truth |
| A term from 17th and 18t century desgnating properties that inhere in material bodies independently of our perception. (size, shape, location, and divisibilty) | primary qualities |
| A criterion of scientific meaning set forth by Sir Karl Popper | principle of falsifiabilty |
| A proposition is whatever is asserted by a sentence. | proposition |
| The name given by Sigmand Freud to his method of psychotherapy | psychoanalysis |
| The radical empircist epistermolgoy held by locke, berkely, and humme. | psychological atomism |
| pshychological egoism | A theory of motivation |
| A term deriving from the Latin work for "quality' | qualia |
| The name of the philosophical method employed by Descartes to discover the absolutely certain foundations of all knowledge. Every belief that can be doubted should be doubted | ratical doubt |
| The view that true knowledge is derived primarily from reason | rationalism |
| Associated with John locke, according to which the data of perception represents the external world without literally duplicating it | representative realism |
| A term dessignating preceived qualities (such as colors, tastes, odors) | secondary qualities |
| The study of the structure of the system of signs | semiotics |
| A sense datum is supposedly that which is perceived immediately by anyone of the senses prior to inteprtation by the mind | sencse data |
| A denial of the possibility of knowledge. General skepticism denies the possibility of any knowledge. | skepticism |
| The study of the problem of justice, involving questions of the fair distribution of goods and services to members of society. | social philosohy |
| The view that there is no need to inclued "minds" in the scientific study of humans, whether or not minds exist. The study of "behaviors" and thier phsical causes in suffcient for a complete psychologhy. | soft bhaviorism |
| The view that determinism is true buty that freedom and responsibility can exit dispite the truth of determinism | soft determinism |
| Th view that the only true knowledge one can possess is knowledge of one's own conscionsness. No reason to believe that anything exists other than oneself. | solipsism |
| Based on the philosophical anthropology of Frenc theorist Cladue Levi-Strauss | structuralism |
| A term centeral to psychoanlysis that names the process whereby certain antisocial drives are directed away for thier primary goal (the satisfationf of sexual or aggressive desires)trasformed into the production of socially valuable culture -art, religion | sulimation |
| The term naming whatever is thought to be the most basic independent reality | substance |
| P is a sufficient condition of Q if the presence of P guarantees the presence of Q. | sufficent conditon |
| The component of the psyche that conteracts antisocial desirs and impules of the id | superego |
| A propostion is snthetic if its negations does not lead to self-contratdction | synthetic proposition |
| Latin for "blank slate." | tabula rasa |
| A proposition is a tautology if it is in some way repetive or redundant. | tautology |
| An attempt to deduce God's existence from the fact that there is purposeful behavior in nature or the parts of nonintelligent beings. | teleogogical argument |
| Belief in the existence of God or gods. | theism |
| A term from 20th century naming entities that exist only as part of theories, not part of reality. | theoretical entity |
| A system of grammatical analysis that uses a set of algebraic formulas to express realations between elements in a sentenc or between different forms or tenses of a phrase | transformational grammar |
| French for "trick of the eye" designating a form of painting whose goal is to produce an illusion that appears to be reality so that the viewer does not realize that she is looking at an artwork | trompe l'ceil |
| The moral and social philosophy of Jerermy Bentham and John Stuart - " the greatest amount of happiness for the greatest number of people." | utillitarianism |
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