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68WM6 Ph 2 Test 3WO
68WM6 Ph 2 Test 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| surgery for the excision or removal of diseased body part | ablation |
| absence of feeling/pain | anesthesia |
| the collapse of lung tissue | atelectasis |
| ill health, malnutrition, and wasting as a result of chronic disease | cachexia |
| tissue breakdown | catabolism |
| the administration of drugs that depress the central nervous system or provide analgesia to relieve anxiety or provide amnesia during surgical diagnostic procedures | conscious sedation |
| the separation of a surgical incision or rupture of a wound closure | dehiscence |
| the removal of fluids from a body cavity, wound, or other source of discharge by one or more methods | drainage |
| a dislodgeed thrombus | embolus |
| protrusion of an internal organ through a wound or surgical incision | evisceration |
| remove endotraceal tube from airway | extubate |
| substances that slowly seep from cells or blood vessels through small pores in cell membranes | exudate |
| use of a device to promote deep breathing | incentive spirometry |
| cuts produced surgically by a sharp instrument to create an opening into an organ or body space | incisions |
| localized area of necrosis | infarct |
| consent of the patient to a surgery that acknowledges the patient's understanding of what is going to happen and why, along with possible complications | informed consent |
| during surgery | intraoperative |
| surgery for relief or reduction of intensity of disease symptoms; will not produce cure | palliative |
| decrease or absence of intestinal peristalsis | paralytic ileus |
| before, during, and after surgery | perioperative |
| after surgery | postoperative |
| artificial replacement for a missing part of the body | prosthesis |
| hiccup, or involuntary contraction of the diaphragm | singultus |
| branch of medicine concerned with diseases and trauma requiring operative procedures | surgery |
| sterile technique | surgical asepsis |
| an accumulation of platelets, fibrin, clotting factors, and cellular elements of the blood attached to the anterior wall of a vessel | thrombus |
| purposes of surgery | dignostic, ablation, palliative, reconstructive, transplant, constructive, cosmetic |
| surgery that is not necessary to preserve life and may be performed at a time the patient chooses | elective surgery |
| surgery required to keep additional health problems from occuring | urgent surgery |
| surgery performed immediately to save the individual's life or preserve the function of a body part | emergency surgery |
| the term referring to the nurse's role throughout the surgical process | perioperative nursing |
| factors influencing an individual's ability to tolerate surgery | age, physical condition, nutritional factors |
| considerations for older adult surgical patient | higher morbidity rate, greater stress on the body, recover more slowly, risks are increased, disorientation and toxic reactions to anesthesia, teaching may require extra time, any physical impairment |
| a list of tasks and assessments to be made before surgery, must be completed before patient is transferred to surgical unit | preoperative checklist |
| why is informed consent important? | informed consent verifies that a patient understands the procedure and consents to it; it is protection for the provider against possible legal issues later |
| 4 exercises that are important for all postoperative patients | turning, deep breathing, coughing, leg exercises |
| why is turning important in postoperative patients? | to prevent pressure ulcers, atrophy, and improve circulation and ventilation |
| why is deep breathing important in postoperative patients? | to fully expand the lungs following surgery |
| why is coughing important in postoperative patients? | to fully expand the lungs, and expel any sputum accumulated during surgery |
| why are leg exercises important in postoperative patients? | to improve circuation and prevent the formation of a thrombus |
| this type of anesthesia results in an immobile, quite patient who does not recall the surgical procedure | general anesthesia |
| this type of anesthesia results in loss of sensation in an area of the body | regional anesthesia |
| this type of anesthesia results in loss of sencation only at the desired site | local anesthesia |
| the administration of drugs that depress the central nervous system or provide analgesia to relieve anxiety or provide amnesia during surgical diagnostic procedures | concious sedation |
| role of the scrub nurse during surgery | sterile, maintains sterile field and instruments, keeps count of instroments and supplies, identifies and handles surgical specimens |
| role of the circulating nurse during surgery | clean, prepares patient, positions patient, counts supplies with scrub nurse, assists scrub nurse with sterile field, cares for surgical specimens |
| initial care following transfer from PACU includes: | airway, breathing, conciousness, circulation, and system review |
| nursing interventions that help prevent postoperative complications | proper vitals monitoring, observation and care of the incision(s), assuring proper ventilation (deep breathing, coughing), managing pain, monitoring urinary function, preventing venous stasis (exercise), early ambulation |
| assessment data for the surgical patient | prior surgery, allergies, medication, drugs/alcohol, smoking status, physical condition, at risk data, emotional status |
| information needed for discharge of a postoperative patient | wound care, action and side effects of medications, activity restrictions, dietary restrictions, symptoms to be reported, where and when to followup |
| surgical exploration that allows physician to confirm diagnosis; may involve removal of tissue for further diagnostic testing | diagnostic |
| surgery to restore function or appearance to traumatized or malfunctioning tissue | reconstructive |
| surgery to replace malfunctioning organs | transplant |
| surgery to restore fuction lost or reduced as a result of congenital abnormalities | constructive |
| surgery for the alteration of personal appearance | cosmetic |
| before surgery | preoperative |
| surgical joining of two ducts or blood vessels to allow flow from one to another; to bypass an area | anastomosis |
| surgical removal of | -ectomy |
| destruction or dissolution of | lysis |
| surgical repair of | -orrhaphy |
| direct visualization by a scope | -oscopy |
| opening made to allow the passage of drainage | -ostomy |
| opening into | -otomy |
| fixation of | -pexy |
| plastic surgery | -plasty |
| surgeries in which coughing postsurgically is contraindicated | intracranieal, eye, ear, nose, throat, and spinal surgeries |
| the process that removes drugs from the body | elimination |
| the time required to reduce the concentration of a drug in the body by 50% | half-life |
| relative sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system homeostasis | autonomic stability |
| inability of muscles to contract or maintain resting tone | muscle relaxation |
| medication that reverses the effects of narcotics | naloxone |
| medication that reverses the effects of benzodiazepenes | romazicor/flurazenil |
| anesthesia achieved by placing local anesthatic into the subarachniod space | spinal anesthesia |
| anesthesia achieved by placing local anesthetic in the epidural space | epidural anesthesia |
| anesthesia achieved by placing local anesthetic in the region of the nerve enervating the area | nerve block |
| anesthetis is infused into the veins of an extremity distal to a tourniquet | bier block |
| who is responsible for monitoring of a consciously sedate patient? | an RN |
| potential intraoperative complications | infection, burns, hypothermia, hyperthermia, bleeding, pressure sores, trauma |
| the most important vital signs in monitoring a patient after spinal anesthesia | respiratory rate, blood pressure |
| strip or roll of cloth or other material that can be wound around a part of the body in a variety of ways for multiple purposes | bandage |
| bandage made lf large pieces of material to fit a specific body part | binder |
| soft, pink, fleshy tissue consisting of capillaries surrounded by fibrous collagen | granulation |
| the process of invasion of the body by pathogenic microorganisms | infectious process |
| tissue reaction to injury | inflammatory response |
| gentle washing of an area with a stream of solution | irrigation |
| this type of healing is possible in wounds where skin edges are close together and little tissue is lost; results in minimal scarring | primary intention |
| stab wound, sometames created surgically for a drainage system | puncture |
| producing or containing pus | purulent |
| composed of or pertaining to blood | sanguineous |
| this type of healing is necessary when skin edges are not close together, or when pus has formed in the wound; the wound must granulate and heal from the inside out | secondary intention |
| composed of serum and blood; thin, red drainage | serosanguineous |
| thin and watery drainage, composed of the serum portion of the blood | serous |
| trainage tube inserted into the bile duct following cholecystectomy | T-tube |
| delayed primary intention wound closure | tertiary intention |
| device that assists in wound closure by applying localized negative pressure to draw the edges of a wound together | vacuum assisted closure |
| any injury to the body's tissues involving a break in the skin | wound |
| the first phase of wound healing; termination of bleeding | hemostasis |
| the second phase of wound healing; initial increase in the flow of blood elements out of the blood vessel into the vascular space; results in redness, heat, swelling, pain, and tissue dysfunction | inflammatory phase |
| what phase of the wound healing process does collagen formation occur in? | reconstruction phase |
| what phase of the wound healing process does dehiscence most commonly occur in? | reconstruction phase |
| an overgrowth of collagenous scar tissue at the site of a wound | keloid |
| keloids occur in what stage of wound healing? | maturation phase |
| the four phases of wound healing | hemostasis, inflammatory, reconstruction, maturation |
| role of nutrition in wound healing | porteins, carbs, fats, and vitamins are essential in promoting the wound healing process |
| common factors that complicate wound healing | age, malnutrition, obesity, impaired oxygenation, smoking, drugs, diabetes mellitus, radiation, wound stress |
| common complications of wound healing | abcess, adhesion, cellulitis, dehiscence, evisceration, extravasation, hematoma |
| cavity containing pus and surrounded by inflamed tissue | abcess |
| band of scar tissue that binds together two anatomical surfaces normally separated; most commonly found in the abdomen | adhesion |
| infection of the skin characterized by heat, pain, erythema, and edema | cellulitis |
| separation of a surgical incision or rupture of a wound closure | dehiscence |
| protrusion of an internal organ through a wound or surgical incision | evisceration |
| blood, serum, or lymph escaping from the vessel into the tissue | extravasation |
| collection of extravasated blood trapped in the tissues or in an organ resulting from incomplete hemostasis after surgery or injury | hematoma |
| CDC classifications of wounds | clean, clean-contaminated, contaminated, dirty or infected |
| CDC class of an unifected surgical wound | clean wound |
| CDC class of a surgical incision made into the respiratory, GI, or GU tract | clean-contaminate wound |
| CDC class of incision in the presence of GI products from an acute, nunpurulent inflammation; or if aseptic technique is broken during surgery | contaminated |
| CDC class of a wound that was infected before surgery (ie gangrene) | dirty or infected |
| special nursing interventions for wound care in older patients | instruct patient on safety precautions, provide wound care instruction to home caregiver |
| to promote wound healing in malnourished patients, what should a patient be encouraged to increase their intake of? | protein, carbs, lipids, vitamins A and C, minerals, and B vitamins |
| what are some interventions to promote wound healing in patients with impaired ability to oxygenate? | diet high in iron, vitamin B, and folic acid; monitor hematocrit and hemoglobin levels |
| what are some nursing interventions to promote wound healing in pationts who are on steroids or other antiinflammatory drugs? | obeserve more closely for signs of infection; diet high in vitamin A |
| what is the primary purpose of a wet to dry dressing? | to mechinically debride a wound |
| this drain is used when 100-200 ml of drainage is expected | jackson-pratt drain |
| this drain is used when more than 100, up to 500ml, of drainage is expected | hemovac |
| this class of medication is used for the treatment and prophylaxis of various bacterial infections | antiinfectives |
| kill bacteria | bactericidal |
| inhibit the growth of bacteria | bacteriostatic |
| a sensitivity to one substance that predisposes an individual to sensitivity to other substances that are related in chemical structure | cross-sensitivity |
| penicillins are chemically inactivated by | aminoglycosides |
| dosages of antiinfectives may need to be reduced in patients with these to conditions | hepatic and renal insufficiency |
| these antiinfectives can reduce the ability of the liver to metabolize other drugs | erythromycins |
| this medication can increase serum levels of penicillins | probenecid |
| the absorbtion of these antiinfectives is decreased by antacids, bismuth subsalicylate, iron salts, sucralfate, and zinc salts | fluoroquinolones |
| assessment for patients receiving antiinfectives should include | s/s of infection, previous hypersensitivites, culture and sensitivity |
| potential nursing diagnoses for patients receiving antiinfectives | risk for infection, deficient knowledge (med education), noncompliance |
| how should most antiinfectives be administered to maintain therapeutic serum levels | around the clock |
| patient teaching related to antiinfectives | take med as directed until gone, report signs of superinfection, reasons to follow up |
| black, furry overgrowth on tongue, vaginal itching or discharge, and loose or foul smelling stools are signs of | superinfection |
| this class of medications is used for the treatment of fungal infections | antifungals |
| kills fungi | fungicidal |
| stops growth of fungi | fungistatic |
| systemic antifungals have adverse effects on the function of this | bone marrow |
| this antifungal commonly causes renal impairment | amphotericin B |
| the dosage of this antifungal should be adjusted in patients with this dysfunction | renal impairment |
| HIV positive patients may have more severe adverse reactions to this antifungal | fluconazole |
| possible nursing diagnoses related to antifungals | risk for infection, impaired skin integrity, deficient knowledge |
Created by:
ewoff85
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