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2nd semester EOC
all science stuff we need to know for EOC
Question | Answer |
---|---|
The process by which an organism's internal enviornment is kept stable in spite of changes in the external enviornment | homeostasis |
What structure directs the activites of a cell? | nucleus |
Messages are carried back and fourth between the brain and other parts of the body by | nervous tissue |
Which organ system makes blood cells? | skeletal system |
Which type of human body tissue can contract or shorten? | muscle tissue |
What is NOT a function of hte skeleton? | obtaining oxygen |
The spaces in bones are filled with a soft connective tissue called | marrow |
Which type of muscle is found only in the heart? | cardiac muscle |
Which type of muscle tires quickly during excercise? | skeletal muscle |
How do pairs of skeletal muscles work together? | While one muscle in the pair contracts, the other returns to its original length. |
How does the skin protect the body from disease? | by keeping disease causing microorganisms from entering the body. |
How does the skin help regulate body temperature? | by enabling excess heat to escape from the body. |
Beneath the outer membrane of bone there is a layer of | compact bone |
Which is NOT a function of the cardiovascular system? | controlling many body processes by means of chemicals |
blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart are called | arteries |
In which vessels are materials exchanged between the blood and body cells? | capillaries |
Which component of blood carries oxygen to the body cells? | red blood cells |
If a person's blood lacked platelets, what process couldn't take place? | clotting of blood |
Which component of blood is 90% water? | plasma |
The function of white blood cells is to | fight diseases |
What structure enable the small intestine to absorb large ammounts of nutrients? | villi |
Which process takes place in the large intestine? | Water is absorbed from undigested food. |
what substance in the mouth contains an enzyme that begins chemical digestion? | saliva |
what process involves muscle contractions that move food through the esophagus? | peristalsis |
What substance coats and protects the inside of the stomach? | mucus |
IN what part of hte body does most chemical digestion take place? | small intestine |
What organ produces bile? | liver |
What digestive organ releases enzymes that help break down starches, proteins, and fats in the small intestine? | pancreas |
Vascular plants are differ than nonvascular plants in | how they transport materials |
What is not a characteristic of a plants vascular tissue? | it transports egg and sperm cells for reproduction |
What happens in the phloem? | Food moves down from leaves |
Plants that produce seeds | can live in relatively dry enviornments. |
What characteristic do gymnosperms share? | They produce seeds that are not enclosed by fruits. |
The reproductive structures of most gymnosperms are called? | cones. |
All angiosperms | produce fruits. |
How are angiosperms different from gymnosperms? | Angiosperms produce fruit. |
Gases pass in and out of a leaf through the | stomata |
What is not a root function in plants? | to produce food. |
Which substances are produced during respiration? | carbon dioxide and water |
Where in the respiratory system does gas exchange occur? | in the alveoli. |
The role of the respiratory system is to bring what substance into the body? | oxygen |
The dome-shaped muscle that plays an important role in breathing is the | diaphragm. |
What is the main function of the excretory system? | to collect and remove wastes from the body. |
Which excretory organ eliminates water and some chemical wastes in perspiration? | skin. |
what term do scientists use to describe the chemical process in which oxygen and glucose react to realease energy inside body cells? | respiration |
Each alveolus is surrounded by a network of | capillaries |
When the nervous system makes you feel hungry or thirsty, what body process is it helping to carry out? | maintaining homeostasis. |
a change or signal in the enviornment that can make an organism react is called an | stimulus. |
What part of the brain controls memory? | cerebrum |
A synapse is the space between | an axon and hte structure that recieves the nerve impulse |
The three regions that make up the brain include the cerebrum, cerebellum, and | brain stem |
What are the products of photosynthesis? | oxygen and sugars |
What happens during photosynthesis? | The cell uses the energy in sunlight to make food. |
How does photosynthesis benefit heterotrophs? | It creates food that they can eat. |
What happens during respiration? | Glucose is broken down, releasing energy. |
How are photosythesis and respiration related? | The have opposite equations |
Together, respiration and photosynthesis keep the levels of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the atmosphere | constantly changing |
Consumers that eat both plants and animals are called? | omnivores |
Which is a consumer that is a herbivore? | deer |
A diagram that shows the amount of energy that moves from one feeding level to another in a food web is called? | energy pyramid |
IN an energy pyramid, which level has the most available energy? | producer level |
In which process do producers use carbon from carbon dioxide to produce other carbon-containing molecules? | photosynthesis |
An organism that can make its own food is called? | producer |
The first organism in a food chain is always | producer |
What do producers release as a result of photosynthesis? | oxygen |
The number of organisms an area can support is called? | carrying capacity |
What is NOT a limiting factor? | soil |