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Lee College final
FINAL Nursing Pharm
| Drug | answer |
|---|---|
| (Anticoagulant)heparin: administration | draw blood to determine baseline prior to therapy use infusion pump for maximum safety don't skip or try to "catch-up" on a dose never piggy-pack other drug don't message injection site (subQ) give subcutaneously 2inches away from belly button |
| (Anticoagulant)Heparin: teaching | Inform patient/family to watch for signs of bleeding or bruising and notify doctor avoid OTCs containing aspirin consult with doctor before using herbal medicines |
| (Anticoagulant)Heparin: Side effects | hemorrhage overly prolonged clotting time thrombocytopenia white clot syndrome |
| (Anticoagulant) Heparin: uses | deep vein thrombosis MI pulmonary embolism open heart surgery |
| Heparin is what type of drug? | an anticoagulant; therefore it will not dissolve a blood clot |
| (Robitussin DM)Antitussives: define | a drug that reduces coughing often by inhibiting neural activity in the cough center of the CNS |
| (Robitussin DM)Antitussives: uses | to stop an nonproductive "dry" cough to stop an unwanted cough in patients with recent abdominal surgery |
| (Robitussin DM)Antitussives: teaching | never use with a productive cough report adverse reaction take as prescribed contact doctor if cough lasts longer than a week |
| (Robitussin) Expectorants: define | drugs that increase the flow of fluids in the repiratory tract, usually by reducing the viscosity of bronchial and tracheal secretions, and facilitate their removal by coughing and ciliary action |
| (Robitussin) Expectorant: use | aid in the expectoration of excessive mucus that has accumulated in the respiratory tract associated by the common cold, flu, and bronchitis |
| (Robitussin) Expectorant: Teaching | ?? |
| (Naphazoline) Decongestants: use | reduce nasal congestion reduce swelling of the nasal passage |
| (Naphazoline) Decongestants:define | drugs that reduce congestion or swelling, especially of the upper and lower respiratory tract |
| (Naphazoline) Decongestants: teaching | should be used short term avoid caffeine encourage fluid intake of up to 3000 ml a day report heart palpitations, weakness, sedation and excessive irritability |
| (Albuterol) Proventil: Bronchodilator: use | to prevent or treat bronchospasm in patients w/ reversible obstructive airway disease to prevent exercise-induced bronchospasm |
| (Albuterol) Proventil: Bronchodilator: side effects | tremors nervousness headache hyperactivity nausea vomiting |
| (Albuterol) Proventil: Bronchodilator: teaching | stop drug if paradoxical bronchospasm occurs use MDI correctly: 1. shake the inhaler 2. clear nasal passages and throat 3.breathe out 4. place mouthpiece well into mouth and seal with lips 5. hold breathe for several seconds and exhale slowly |
| (Albuterol) Proventil: Bronchodilator: administration | give oral drug whole if more than 1 inhalation is ordered then wait 2 minutes between inhalations use a spacer-device to improve delivery shake before use |
| Theophylline (Theodur):xanthine bronchodilator: uses | acute and chronic bronchospams |
| Theophylline (Theodur):xanthine bronchodilator:side effects | restlessness dizziness insomnia seizures palpitations sinus tachycardia nausea vomiting |
| Theophylline (Theodur):xanthine bronchodilator:teaching | supply instructions for home use don't dissolve, chew, or crush tablets if GI upset occurs, take with a glass of water after meals don't take extra pills dizziness is common in the elderly at the start of therapy inform doctor is patients stops smoki |
| Theophylline (Theodur):xanthine bronchodilator: Administration | give around the clock and use extended release tablets at bedtime if GI upset occurs, take with a glass of water after meals don't dissolve, chew, or crush tablets |
| Singulair (LTRA): USES | asthma seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis prevention of exercise-induced bronchospasms |
| Singulair (LTRA): Side Effects | headache** dizziness fatigue |
| Singulair (LTRA): teaching | don't stop taking w/o doctors approval avoid NSAIDs and aspirin during therapy oral granules should be placed directly into mouth--don't chew oral granules can be mixed with 1 tsp of milk, applesauce, or ice cream |
| Singulair (LTRA): administration | give oral granules without regard for food don't chew oral granules/ can be mixed with 1 tsp of milk, ice cream, or applesauce. |
| 1 0f 2 Opioids: Morphine: analgesics: general information | strong pain killer short term use (2 weeks) contraindicated with severe asthma severe adverse effects: respiratory depression side effects: nausea, vomiting, and constipation |
| 2 of 2 Opioids: Morphine: analgesics: general information | binds to opioid receptor and reduces sensation of pain for moderate to severe pain antidote: naloxone use with caution in people with sleep apnea and/or obese |
| Opioid antagonist: Naloxone/ Naltrexone: General Information | reverses the adverse effects induced by an opioid overdose: respiratory depression used to manage opioid addiction works by binding to and occupying all opioid receptor sites |
| Isosorbide dinitrate (Isordil):vasodilator : teaching | keep drug accessible at all times don't stop suddenly take SL tabs at first sign of an attack--repeat every 10-15 minutes x3 doses-- don't confuse SL with oral dose take 30 min. before or 1-2 hrs after meals stand slowly avoid alcohol |
| Isosorbide dinitrate (Isordil):vasodilator :administration | take SL tabs at first sign of an attack--repeat every 10-15 minutes x3 doses-- take 30 min. before or 1-2 hrs after meals |
| Isosorbide dinitrate (Isordil):vasodilator: action | a nitrate that reduces cardiac oxygen demand by decreasing left ventricular and diastolic pressure and, to a lesser extent, systemic vascular resistance. Also increases blood flow through the collateral coronary vessels |
| Isosorbide dinitrate (Isordil):vasodilator: evaluation | absence of chest pain |
| Nitroglycerine (nitro-bid) anti-angina : teaching | have medicine accessible at all times don't stop suddenly take SL tab at the first sign of an attack--repeat every 5 min x 3 doses take additonal tab before stressful situations and at bedtime avoid alcohol change positions slowly |
| Nitroglycerine (nitro-bid) anti-angina : administration | PO: give 30 minutes before or 1-2 hrs after meals IV: drug must be swallowed whole IV: don't rub ointment/ cover with plastic film |
| Nitroglycerine (nitro-bid) anti-angina : Action | a nitrate that reduces cardiac oxygen demand by decreasing left ventricular and diastolic pressure and, to a lesser extent, systemic vascular resistance. Also increases blood flow through the collateral coronary vessels |
| Nitroglycerine (nitro-bid) anti-angina: evaluation | absence of chest pain |
| Digoxin Immune Fab: assess | assess patient for signs of digoxin overdose |
| Digoxin Immune Fab: use | antidote for severe digoxin overdose |
| Digoxin Immune Fab:Teach | explain use and administration of drug to patient and family report adverse effects promptly |
| Lopressor (antihypertensive):teaching | take medicine with food avoid driving until response to medication is established inform doctor/ dentist before surgery or procedures don't stop suddenly don't take while breast feeding |
| Lopressor (antihypertensive): administration | PO: give with or immediately following meals IV: give drug undiluted by direct injection Store at room temp. and keep away from light |
| Lopressor (antihypertensive): action | a selective beta blocker that selectively blocks beta 1 receptors; decreasing cardiac output, peripheral resistance, and cardiac oxygen consumption; and depresses renin secretions |
| Lopressor (antihypertensive): Evaulation | lowered bp |
| Cardizem (antianginal): Teaching | Take as prescribed, even when you feel better avoid hazardous activity at the start of therapy take extended release tablets whole SL nitroglycerin may be taken with this drug |
| Cardizem (antianginal):administration | PO: don't crush/chew extended release tablets IV: For direct injection, you need not dilute the 5mg/ml injection |
| Cardizem (antianginal):action | a calcium channel blocker that inhibits calcium ions influx across cardiac and smooth-muscle cells, decreasing oxygen demand. drug also dilates coronary arteries and arterioles. |
| Cardizem (antianginal):evaluation | decreased Bp increase in cardiac output decrease in angina |
| Atropine sulfate (isoptoatropine) Teaching | with oral form, teach patient how to handle distressing anticholinergic effects such as: dry mouth use sunglasses--potential for sensitivity to sun |
| Atropine sulfate (isoptoatropine): Administration | PO: give without regard to food IV: give into a large vein or IV tubing over at least 1 minute slow delivery may cause slowing of heart rate |
| Prasosin (minipress) (antihypertensive): administration | give drug without regard to food |
| Prasosin (minipress) (antihypertensive):side effects | dizziness 1st dose syncope headache blurred vision urinary frequency |
| Prasosin (minipress) (antihypertensive):teaching | dizziness may occur with 1st dose avoid driving/ hazardous activity for 24 hrs after starting/changing dosage amount do not stop suddenly change positions slowly suck on hard candy if dry mouth occurs |
| Prasosin (minipress) (antihypertensive):Evaluation | decrease in blood pressure |
| Atenolol (beta-blocker):administration | check apical pulse before giving drug**if less than 60 beats/min=hold drug and call doctor give at exactly same time everyday |
| Atenolol (beta-blocker):side effects | dizziness fatigue lethargy hypotension bradycardia heart failure |
| Atenolol (beta-blocker):teaching | take drug at same time everyday don't stop suddenly teach how to take own pulse and to hold medication if less than 60 beats/min notify dr if patient becomes pregnant not to be used in breast feeding women |
| Atenolol (beta-blocker):evaluation | symptoms of dysrhythmias are decreased |
| Name the 5 types of laxatives | bulk-forming emollient hyperosmotic saline stimulant |
| Bulk-forming laxative action: | absorb water into the intestines, which causes bulk and distends the bowel to initiate reflex bowel activity, thus promoting a bowel movement |
| Emollient laxative has 2 types: stool softener and lubricant | stool softener: lowers the surface tension of GI fluid, so more water and fat are absorbed into the stool and intestines. Lubricant: lubricates the fecal material and intestinal wall and prevents absorption of water from the intestines |
| hyperosmotic laxative action: | increase fecal water content **works in the lg intestines** |
| saline laxative action: | increase osmotic pressure in small intestines by inhibiting water absorption and increase both water and salt secretions from the bowel wall into the bowel lumen |
| stimulant laxative action | stimulates the nerves innervate the intestines which results in increased peristalsis |
| propranolol Hcl (inderol LA) beta-adrenergic blocker: administration | give drug with meals check Bp and apical pulse before giving drug don't give as continuous infusion infusion rate shouldn't exceed 1mg/min |
| propranolol Hcl (inderol LA) beta-adrenergic blocker: side effects | fatigue lethargy hypotension bradycardia heart failure intensification of AV block |
| propranolol Hcl (inderol LA) beta-adrenergic blocker: teaching | keep taking even after feeling better take with food don't stop suddenly |
| propranolol Hcl (inderol LA) beta-adrenergic blocker: evaluation | absence of chest pain |
| Atropine: use | symptomatic bradycardia antidote for anticholinesterase insecticide poisoning preoperative to diminish secretions and block cardiac vagal reflexes adjunct treatment of peptic ulcers and functional GI disorders like IBS |
| Atropine: side effects | headache restlessness insomnia dizziness bradycardia blurred vision mydriasis dry mouth constipation |
| Antacids (tums) action: | neutralize gastric acid |
| Antacids (tums): use | peptic ulcers gastritis gastric hyper-acidity heartburn |
| Antacids (tums):teaching | take with 8oz water chew "chewable" tablets completely don't switch antacids report tarry stools |
| Proton pump inhibitor (prilosec)action: | PPI's bind irreversibly to the proton pump. This prevents the movement of hydrogen ions out of the parietal cells and into the stomach and thereby blocks ALL gastric acid secretions |
| Proton pump inhibitor (prilosec): use | erosive esophagitis GERD duodenal ulcers gastric hypersecretory conditions NSAID-induced ulcers prophylaxis for stress ulcers |
| Proton pump inhibitor (prilosec):teaching | give oral dosages w/ fluids swallow tablet whole take 30 minutes before meals may take 1-4 days for full effect |
| Digoxin (Lanoxin) assess | Bp pulse--apical and radial for 1 minute heart sounds breath sounds intake and output serum lab values for potassium, sodium, magnesium, and calcium alcohol intake smoking history |
| Digoxin (Lanoxin) use | heart failure paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia a-fib and flutter |
| Digoxin (Lanoxin) teach | teach family how to take pulse and about dosage regimen and reportable signs report adverse effect promptly eat potassium rich foods avoid herbals don't substitute brands |
| sublingual administration: | under tongue (allow to dissolve) no water! |
| buccal administration: | placed between the upper and lower molers and cheek (allow to dissolve) no water! |
| orally disintegration administration: | place on tongue and allow to dissolve without water |
| liquid medication administration: | medicine cup or oral syringe |
| Nasogastric/ gastrostomy tube administration | position patient in Fowler's position on right side and leave head elevated 30 minutes after administering drug |
| Rectal administration | position patient on left side **wear gloves** unwrap medication from foil lubricate tip of medication with water based jelly insert at least 1 inch have patient remain lying on side for 15-20 minutes |
| intraderamal administration | 5-15 degree angle do not aspirate |
| subcutaneous administration | pinch skin hold needle at a 45-90 degree angle administer at least 2 inches away from belly button |
| I.M. administration | pull skin taut hold needle like a dart 90 degree angle |
| eye drops administration | clean eye area before giving place drug in conjunctival sac (do not touch eye with dropper) |
| eye ointment administration | clean eye area before giving place medication along border of conjunctival sac |
| ear drop administration | side lying patient give medicine in one ear and have patient remain lying for 5-10 minutes before giving in other ear |
| nasal spray administration | sit upright with one nostril closed |
| lotions/creams/ointments administration | wear gloves measure medication on paper apply with long smooth gentle strokes |
| what do insulin needles look like? | orange top measured in units |
| Define OTC | over the counter medication that are legally available without a prescription (not regulated by the FDA) |
| Define legend drugs | prescription drugs |
| what is the Nursing process? | an organized framework for the practice of nursing. It encompasses all steps taken by the nurse in caring for a patient: assessment nursing diagnosis planning implementation evaluation |
| briefly what is done during assessment? | collect data both objective and subjective |
| what are the 6 rights | right drug, right dose, right time, right patient, right route, right documentation |
| Life span considerations: Elder: Absorption due to decreased organ function | less acidic gastric pH gastric emptying is slowed GI movement is slowed absorption surface area is less |
| Life span considerations: Elder: Distribution due to decreased organ function | Fat content is higher protein binding sites are fewer M: 55% water F: 47%water |
| Life span considerations: Elder: metabolism due to decreased organ function | microsomal enzymes are less liver blood flow is less |
| Life span considerations: Elder: due to decreased organ function | glomerular filtration is less the # of nephrons is less |
| Life span considerations: pediatric absorption due to immature organs | gastric emptying is slowed GI movement is slowed first pass effect is reduced |
| Life span considerations: pediatric distribution due to immature organs | fat content is low water is high (full term baby 70-80% water) more drugs can enter the brain |
| Life span considerations: pediatric metabolism due to immature organs | microsomal enzymes are less |
| Life span considerations: pediatric excretion due to immature organs | glomerular filtration is less less tubular secretions less perfusion of kidney |
| define medication error | any PREVENTABLE adverse drug events involving inappropriate medication use by a patient or health care professional; they may or may not cause the patient harm. |
| Captopril (capoten)assess ACE Inhibitor | History: Allergy to captopril, impaired renal function, CHF, salt/volume depletion, pregnancy, lactation · Physical: Skin color, lesions, turgor; T; P, BP, peripheral perfusion; mucous membranes, bowel sounds, liver evaluation; urinalysis, renal and li |
| captopril(capoten) teaching ACE inhibitor | Take drug 1 hr before or 2 hr after meals; do not take with food. Do not stop without consulting your health care provider. · These side effects may occur: GI upset, loss of appetite, change in taste perception (limited effects, will pass); mouth sores |
| Captopril(capoten) side effects ACE inhibitor | tachycardia pruritus rash Gastric irritation aphthous ulcers peptic ulcers dysgeusia |
| Captopril: (capoten)evaluation ACE inhibitor | Decreased SVR and preload altered progression of left ventricular hypertrophy after MI |
| Clonidine HCL (catapres)assess antihypertensive | ? |
| Clonidine HCL (catapres)teaching antihypertensive | take drug as prescribed don't stop suddenly take last dose immediately before bedtime can shower will trasndermal patches drowsiness should diminish in 4-6 weeks change positions slowly don't stop drug before surgery |
| Clonidine HCL (catapres)side effects antihypertensive | drowsiness dizziness weakness bradycardia severe rebound hypertension constipation dry mouth peuritus |
| Clonidine HCL (catapres)evaluation antihypertensive | decreased blood pressure |
| Furosemide (Lasix)action: | inhibits sodium and chloride re-absorption at the proximal and distal tubules and the ascending loop of Henle |
| Furosemide (Lasix) teaching | take with to minimize GI upset may need potassium or magnesium supplements alcohol and hot weather will increase dizziness report ringing in ears, severe abdominal pain, sore throat, and fever |
| Furosemide (Lasix)side effects | dizziness headache restlessness constipation |
| Furosemide (Lasix) assess | ?? |
| (diuretic) spironolactone (aldactone) action | Antagonizes aldosterone in the distal tubules, increasing sodium and water excretion |
| (diuretic)spironolactone(aldactone) teaching | take drug in morning to prevent urinating at night avoid ingesting foods high in potassium advise men of possible breast tenderness or enlargement if adverse CNS reactions occur avoid hazardous activities |
| (diuretic)spironolactone(aldactone) side effects | gastric bleeding headache diarrhea breast soreness |
| (diuretic)spironolactone(aldactone) assess | ?? |
| (anticoagulant) warfin (coumadin) administration | draw blood to establish a baseline give drug at same time everyday PT and INR determinations are essential for proper control IV form is rare give as a slow bolus injection over 1-2 minutes into a peripheral vein |
| (anticoagulant)warfin(coumadin) teaching | tell patient to carry a card that states their increased risk of bleeding report sign and symptoms of bruising/bleeding to doctor avoid OTCs that contain aspirin notify dr before using herbal medicines, vaginal creams,or if period is abnormally heavy |
| (anticoagulant) warfin (coumadin) side effects | fever diarrhea hemorrhage hepatitis rash |
| (anticoagulant) warfin (coumadin) uses | pulmonary enbolism deep vein thrombosis MI rheumatic heart disease w/ heart valve damage chronic a-fib prosthetic heart valves |
| (platelet)Plavix administration | give drug without regard to food |
| (platelet) Plavix teaching | may take longer to stop bleeding avoid activities were trauma/bleeding may occur notify dr if unusual bruising/bleeding occurs inform dr/dentist before procedure or surgery may take without regard to meals |
| (platelet) Plavix side effects | hemorrhage rash dizziness abdominal pain back pain |
| (platelet) Plavix uses | to REDUCE thromotic events in patients with atherosclerosis, recent stroke, MI, or peripheral arterial disease ST-segment elevation acute MI |
| (anticoagulant)Lovenox administration | deep Subcutaneous injection with patient lying down--alternate left and right sides don't massage after subcutaneous injection |
| (anticoagulant)Lovenox teaching | watch for bleeding and bruising:report immediately avoid OTC containing aspirin consult with dr before using herbal medicines |
| (anticoagulant)Lovenox side effects | hemorrhage thrombocytpenia angioedema rash urticaria |
| (anticoagulant) Lovenox uses | to PREVENT pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis after hip, knee, or abdominal surgery or people with acute illness that causes decreased motility to prevent ischemic complications of unstable angina and non-Q MI with oral aspirin therapy |
| (thrombolytic) Ativase administration | IV: reconstitute solution immediately before use with sterile water don't use 50mg vial if vacuum isn't present using 18G needle direct stream of water at lyopgilized cake--don't shake color: colorless or slight yellow use a controlled infusion device |
| (thrombolytic)Ativase teaching | explain use and administration of drug to patient/family tell patient to report adverse effects promptly |
| (thrombolytic)Ativase side effects | bleeding GI bleeding spontanous bleeding anaphylaxis |
| (thrombolytic) Ativase uses | To LYSE thrombi obstructing coronary arteries in acute MI to manage a massive pulmonary embolism acute ischemic stroke lysis of arterial occlusion in peripheral vessel or bypass graft |
| Antibiotics:Tetracycline: General | It works by preventing the growth and spread of bacteria. Antibiotics will not work for colds, flu, or other viral infections. used for pneumonia and other respiratory tract infections; acne; infections of skin |
| Antibiotics:Tetracycline: Administration | Tetracycline should be taken on an empty stomach, at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals or snacks. Do not take tetracycline with food, especially dairy products such as milk, yogurt, cheese, and ice cream. with water only |
| Antibiotics:Tetracycline:Teaching | avoid sunlight/UV light;wear protective clothing and sunscreen finish prescription report signs of a superinfection not for children under 8 not to be used with oral contraceptives |
| Antibiotics:Tetracycline:Side Effects | diarrhea epigastric distress upset stomach rash |
| Antibiotics: Penicillin: General | Bactericidal--killers Kill gram + bacteria and some gram- for mild to moderate infections of the ears, nose or throat |
| Antibiotics: Penicillin:Teaching | always finish the entire prescription |
| Antibiotics: Penicillin: Administration | ensure patient isn't allergic to penicillin obtain cultural before first dose give with food if GI upset overs |
| Antibiotics: Penicillin:Side Effects | Common adverse drug reactions include diarrhea, hypersensitivity, nausea, rash, neurotoxicity,blk hairy tongue,urticaria, and super-infection. |
| Cephalosporins: General | they come is several generations (1-4) bactericidal Not active on fungi or viruses no alcohol with this drug if allergic to penicillin, then may be allergic to this drug as well |
| Cephalosporins: Administration | ensure patient is not allergic to penicillin obtain a culture before first dose 3rd generation=IV, heavy duty treats meningitis 4th generation is broad spectrum avoid caffeine, citrus, cola, fruit juice, and tomato juice following medication |
| Cephalosporins:teaching | report diarrhea, flu-like symptoms,blisters or peeling on the skin, hearing loss,breathing difficulty, seizures, or bloody stool |
| Cephalosporins:Side Effects | diarrhea, hypersensitivity, nausea, rash, neurotoxicity--basically the same as penicillin |
| Sulfonamide (Bactrim): Administration | ensure patient isn't allergic to sulfa drugs give on empty stomach with 8oz of water get culture before first dose never give IM don't refrigerate don't give as an rapid infusion drink lots of water |
| Sulfonamide (Bactrim): side effects | seizures crystalluria** thrombocytopenia** nausea vomiting |
| Sulfonamide (Bactrim):teaching | finish prescription drink plenty of water to prevent crystalluria or kidney stones take on an empty stomach with water |
| Sulfonamide (Bactrim): Drug Interactions | diabetic treatment--hypoglycemic effects warfrin--may lead to hemorrhaging oral contraceptives--may lose their effectiveness |
| Diazapam (Valium) Assess | Caution in pregnant women, elderly and the very young renal function study hepatic function study assess if their is an allergy |
| Diazapam (Valium): use | anxiety acute alcohol withdrawal before endoscopic procedures muscle spasms preoperative sedation cardioversion adjunct treatment for seizure disorders status elipticus |
| Diazapam (Valium)Teaching | avoid alcohol avoid activities that require alertness smoking decreasing effectiveness avoid use during pregnancy |
| Diazapam (Valium):side effects | drowsiness collapse bradycardia dizziness vertigo sedation |
| Carbamazepine (tegretol)Assess | patients of Asian descent get a genetic blood test before starting therapy with carbamazepine check renal and hepatic function |
| Carbamazepine (tegretol)Use | restless legs syndrome alcohol withdrawal generalized tonic clonic seizures complex partial seizures mixed seizures |
| Carbamazepine (tegretol)teaching | don't chew/crush extended release tablets don't use broken/chipped tablets take with food to minimize GI upset Tegretol XR tablet coating may appear in the stool periodic eye exams are recommended risks to fetus--if pregnant mild-moderate dizziness |
| Carbamazepine (tegretol)side effects | ataxia dizziness drownisness somnolence vertigo worsening of seizures nausea vomiting diarrhea |
| Insulin uses | to treat type 1 and 2 diabetes |
| Insulin types | short-acting:regular insulin intermediate-acting: NPH long-acting: glargine fixed combination: Humulin 50/50 |
| Insulin administration | insulin administration involves subcutaneous injection with syringes marked in insulin units. always clear (regular) before cloudy when mixing in one syringe |
| Insulin teaching | Keep insulin at room temperature. Making sure no air bubbles remain in the syringe before injection. not a cure Keeping muscles in the injection area relaxed, not tense, when injecting. Penetrating the skin quickly. |
| Glipizide (Glucotrol) use | type 2 diabetes |
| Glipizide (Glucotrol) types | oral dosage form |
| Glipizide (Glucotrol) administration | give immediate release tab 30 min before meals don't split/crush extended-release tablet |
| Glipizide (Glucotrol) teaching | carry candy for mild low glucose levels check with dr before using OTCs carry medical id at all times avoid alcohol maintain a diet high in protein, low in fats and carbs |
| Questran:administration | mix thoroughly with 60-180 ml of water give drug with meal give drug 1 before or 4 hrs after cholestyramine |
| Questran use | reduces high cholesterol in patients with hyper-cholesterolemia |
| Questran: action | binds bile action in the intestinal tract, impeding their absorption and causing their elimination in feces. in response to bile acid depletion, LDL cholesterol levels decrease as the liver uses LDL cholesterol to replenish reduced bile acid stores |
| Questran: teaching | don't take dry form, mix it with water don't hold solution in mouth--may cause tooth decay take at mealtime manage diet and cut down on fats |
| lopid administration | give drug 30 minutes before breakfast and dinner |
| lopid use | hyperlipidemia |
| lopid action | inhibits peripheral lipolysis and reduces triglyceride synthesis in the liver; lowers triglycerides levels and increase HDL cholesterol levels |
| lopid teaching | take 30 minutes before breakfast and dinner teach proper diet management possible dizziness, and blurred vision |
| nicotinic acid: administration | Take with cold water Take with meals ASA 30 min before dose No other meds without HCP approval |
| nicotinic acid: use | hyperlipidemias pellagra niacin deficiency |
| nicotinic acid: action | Nicotinic acid reduces the production of triglycerides and VLDL (very low-density lipoprotein, which is converted to LDL in the blood). This leads to decreased LDL ("bad") cholesterol, increased HDL ("good") cholesterol, and lowered triglycerides. |
| nicotinic acid: teaching | Do not self-mediate No mega-doses of niacin Take with cold water Take with meals ASA 30 min before dose No other meds without HCP approval Immediately report: Flank, joint, or stomach pain; jaundice Skin color changes: avoid sun if changes occur |
| myambutol: administration | ?? |
| myambutol teaching | ? |
| myambutol side effects | ? |
| rifampin administration | ? |
| rifampin teaching | ? |
| rifampin side effects | ?? |
| isoniazide administration | ?? |
| isoniazide teaching | ?? |
| isoniazide side effects | ?? |
| aminoglycoside Garamycin :teaching | drug may cause hearing loss increase fluid intake to 3000ml/day report persistant headache, nausea, or vertigo report superinfection |
| Lipitor: administration | give drug without regard for meals |
| Lipitor: use | in patients with coronary heart disease/muliple risk factors for CAD/Type 2 diebetes/reduce LDL its used to reduce risk of MI, stroke, angina, heart failure |
| Lipitor: action | inhibits HMG-CoA reductase, an early step in cholesterol biosynthesis |
| Lipitor: teaching | proper diet avoid alcohol report muscle pain take at any time of day, w/o regard to meals call dr if become pregnant/breast feeding |
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