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Chapter 5: Electrons
Question | Answer |
---|---|
atomic orbital | a mathematical expression describing the probability of finding an electron at various locations; usually represented by the region of space around the nucleus where there is a high probability of finding the electron. |
Aufbau Principle | the rule that electrons occupy the orbitals of lowest energy first |
electron configuration | the arrangement of electrons of an atom in its ground state into various orbitals around the nuclei of atoms. |
energy level | the specific energies an electron in an atom or other system can have |
ground state | the lowest possible energy of an electron described by quantum mechanics |
Hund's Rule | electrons occupy orbitals of the same energy in a way that makes the number of electrons with the same spin direction as large as possible |
Pauli exclusion principle | an atomic orbital may describe at most two electrons, each with opposite spin direction |
quantum | the amount of energy needed to move an electron from one energy level to another |
quantum mechanical model | the modern description, primarily mathematical, of the behavior of electrons in atoms |