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Stack #59279

QuestionAnswer
a phenomenon is random if individual uotcomes are uncertain but there is nonetheless a regular distribition of outcomes in a large number of repetitions
the probability of any outcome of a random phenomenon is the proportion of times the outcome would occur in a very long series of repetitions
multiple counting principle if a choice consists of two steps of which the first can be made in m ways and for each of these the second can be made in n ways, then the whole choice can be made in mn ways
sample space the set of all possible outcomes of a random experiment
elemtn each individual outcome in the sample space
event a subset of the sample space
relative frequencies are often used to estimate probability
mutually exclusive events two events that have no element in common
a union b is the set of elemnts which belong to set a OR b or both
a intersect b is the set of elements which belong to set a AND b
A' is teh set of elemnts that are NOT in set a but are in the sample space
the probability p(a) of any event is always a number between 0 and 1 inclusive.
an event with the probability 0 is impossible
event with a probaility 1 is certain
if s is the sample space then p(s)=1
complement rule P(A')= 1-p(a)
addition rule for mutaully exclude events if a and b are disjoint events then P(AUB)=(PA)+P(B)
two events are independt if knowing that one occurs does not change the probality that the other occurs
if A and B are independent events then P (A and B)= P(A) P(B)
general addition rule for porbability P (AUB)=P(A)+P(B)-P (AnB)
Created by: lilee256
 

 



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