Reactive airway disease

Term	Description
RAD definition	when tissues of the airways react to invasion by an irritant ( viral , bacyerial, allergen or other) with inflammation, edema, mucus production and bronchospasm
characteristics	reversible, usually self limiting, responsive to tx, occur in upper and lower airways
categories	croup syndromes, asthma, bronchiolotis
croup syn	category of UPPER airway illnesses resulting in swelling of the epiglottis and larynx. swelling may EXTEND to the trachea and bronchi, may be VIRAL or Bacterial
viral croups	spasmodic laryngitis( spasmodic sroup), laryngo-tracheitis, and laryngo- trache0-bronchitis (LTB)
Bacterial croups	bacterial tracheitis, eppiglottis
the croup cough;	(blank)
classic symptoms of croup syn	inspiratory, stridor, seal-like cough, hoarseness
acute spasmodic croup	LEAST serious , inspiratory stridor at the level of the vocal sords, laryngeal spasm, self limiting but tendency to recur( couple of hrs for several days)
characteristics	age group- 3mo-3yrs, allergic or viral, sudden onset usually at night, usually resolves by am
clinical manifestations	barking metallic cough, hoarseness, AFIBRILE, diminished breath sounds, labored respiration
management	supportive, cold mist, humidity
LARYNGOTRACHEITIS	MOST common, mild to moderate INFLAMMATION, and edema of larynx and trachea, gradual onset, self limiting, VIRAL
Characteristics	age group 3mo-8yrs, usually associated with UPPER resp infection
clinical manifestations	LOW grade fever, hoarse barking cough, sore throat, stridor
management	managed at HOME, oral hydration, OTC analgesics, OTC antipyretics, enery concervation
LARYNGO-TRACHEO-BRONCHITIS	Most SERIOUS viral croup syn, obstructive edema BELOW vocal cords, inflammation and swelling of subglottic tissues, self limited duration approx 1 wk, gradual onset, associated with URI
Clinical manifestaions	low grade fever, inspiratory stridor, hoarsness, croupy cough, sore throat, restless and irritable, may progress to =>severe resp distress, retrations, and cyanosis
tx	may req hospitalization , IV fluics, humidification, medication, oxygen
nursing care focus	assessment of resp status, vital signs, o2 sat, maintenance of patent airway-position, supplemental oxygen, conservation of energy-bed rest, hydration (increased RR increases metabolic fluid expd) and nutrition-maintenance plus replacement, discharge plan

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