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MA Drug Types
Medical Assisting practice for types of medications
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Adrenergics | Action:Constricts blood vessels Example:Epinephrine; pseudoephedrine (Sudafed) Use: Stops superficial bleeding; raises BP; Relieves congestion / bronchospasm |
| Adrenergic Blockers | Action: Vasodilation, Decreased BP Example:Lisinopril; amlodipine; propranolol Use: Control hypertension and PVD |
| Analgesics | Action: Lessens sensory function / blocks pain Example: ASA; acetaminophen; hydrocodone with APAP Use: Pain relief |
| Anesthetics | Action: Blocks nerve impulses to stop pain and sensation; decreases BP, P,R Example: Lidocaine (local); Pentothal (general) Use: Local numbing of area or general for surgery |
| Antacids | Action: Decrease stomach acidity Example:Prilosec; Nexium; Protonix Use: Tx of gastric hyperacidity; gastric ulcers |
| Antianxiety | Action:Reduce anxiety Example:Librium; Valium Use:Produces calmness |
| Antibiotics | Action:Kills microorganisms (bacteria) Example:Zithromas, Ceclor, Cipro Use: Tx of bacterial infections |
| Anticholinergics | Action:Parasympatheic blocking agent, reduces spasms in smooth muscle Example:Scopalamine; atropine Use:Dry secretions before surgery; GI cramping |
| Anticoagulants | Action:Delays clotting of blood Example:Coumadin; Heparin Use:Tx of blood clots; stops clot formation |
| Anticonvulsants | Action:Prevents seizures Example:Clonazepam; Neurontin; Dilantin Use: Tx of epilepsy or other neuro disorders |
| Antidepressants | Action:Treats depression Example:Zoloft; Lexapro; Elavil Use: Mood elevatins |
| Antiemetics | Action: Acts on Hypotalamus Example:Compazine; Tigan; Use:Prevents nausea and vomiting (N/V) |
| Antifungals | Action:Slows growth of fungi Example: Monistat; nystatin Use: Tx of fungal infections |
| Antihistamines | Action: Blocks histamines Example: Zyrtec; Allegra; Benadryl Use:Relieves allergic responses |
| Antihypertensive | Action:Blocks nere impulse that cause arteries to constrict, slows heart rate Example: Norvasc; Tenormin; Lopressor Use:Reduces/controls BP |
| Anti-inflammatory | Action:Reduces inflammation Example:Nonsteroidal (NSAID) Ibuprofen; Steroidal - Prednisone Use: Tx of arthritis or other inflammatory disorder |
| Antineoplastic | Action:Inhibits and destroys cancerous cells Example:Interferon; Hyddrea; Cytoxan Use:Cancer chemotherapy |
| Antipruritic | Action:Relieves itching Example:Calamin lotion; hydrocortisone cream Use: Tx of allergies or topical exposures that cause itching. |
| Antipyretic | Action:Reduce body temperature Example:Aspirin (ASA); acetamiophen (APAP) Use: Reduces fever |
| Antitussive | Action:Stops cough Example:codeine sulfate; robitussin Use:Supresses non-productive cough |
| Bronchodilator | Action:Relaxes smooth muscle of the bronchi Example:salmeterol, theophylline, albuterol Use:Tx of asthma,bronchospasm |
| Cathartic (laxative) | Action:Increase peristatic activity of large intestine Example: MOM (milk of magnesia); Dulcolax; Metamucil Use:Increases and hastens bowel evacuation |
| Contraceptive (birth control) | Action:Inhibits contraception Example:Depo-provera; Tri-cyclen;Lo Ovral Use:Prevents pregnancy |
| Decongestants | Action: Relieve local congestion in the tissues. Example: ephidrine or pheyleprine (neo-synephrine;(Sudafed); (Afrin); (Nasonex) |
| Diuretics | Actions: Inhibit reabsormption of Na and Cl in the kidneys; promote excretion of excess fluid. Example hydrochlorthiazide (HCTZ) (Dyazide, Esidric, Hydrodiruil) |
| Expectorants | Actions: Liquefy Secretions in the bronchial tubes so that they can be coughed out. Examles: destromethopahn (benylin); guafenesin (Robitussin) |
| Hematopoietic Agents | Action:Promote red blood cell production Example: epoetin alfa (Epogen, Procrit) |
| Hemastatic Agent | Action: control bleeding Example: phytonadione, Vitamin K, absorbable agents (Gelfoam; |
| Hormone Replacement | Action: Replace hormones Example:insulin (humulin); levothyroxine sodium (Synthroid or Levoxyl); extrogen (Premarin; vasopressin (Pitressin) |
| Hypnotics (Sedatives) | Action:induce sleep; lessen the activity of the brain Example:zolpidem tartrate (Ambien); eszopiclone (Lunesta); secobarbital (Seconal); flurazepam (Dalmane; temazepam (Restoril; barbiturates |
| Lipid-lowering agents | Action: Reduce blood cholesterol levels Example:atorvastatin calcium (Lipitor); simvastatin (Zocor); ezetimibe (Vytorin or Zetia); rsuvastatin (Crestor); fenofibrate (Tricor) |
| Miotics | Action: cause the pupil to contract Example: carbachol (Isopto Carbachol); isoflurophate (Floropryl) |
| Mydriatic Agents (Anticholinergic) | Action: dilate the pupil Example: atropine sulfate (Isopto Atropine) |
| Narcotics | Action:Debress the CNS, causing insensibility or stupor Example: Natural narcotics: Opium group (codeine phosphate, morphine sulfate:Synthetic narcotisc: meperidine (Demerol, methadone (dolopine); propoyphene HCl (Darvon) |
| Oral Hypoglycemic Agents | Action:Reduce blood glucose level Example:Piogliatzone (Actos); rosiglitazone (Avandia); metormin HCl (Glucophage; acarbose (Precose); chlorpropamide (Diabinese; glimepiride (Amaryl); glipizide (Glucotrol) |
| Osteoporosis Agents | Action:Inhibit bone reabsorption Example:alendronate (Fosamax); risedonate (Actonel); cacitonin (Miacalcin and Calcimar) |
| Antiarrythmic | Action: maintain electrical rhythm through chemical activity Example: lidocaine Hcl (Xylocaine), propranolol Hcl (Inderal) |
| Antidiarrheal | Action: prevents or relieves diarrhea or decreases intestinal spasms Example: Lomotil, Pepto-Bilmal, Kaopectate, Imodium |
| Antidote | Action: Counteracts poisons and their effects Example: naloxone (Narcan) activated charcoal, atropine |
| Antimanic | Action: Treatment of the manic episode of bipolar disorder Example: lithium |
| Antiplatelets | Action: Interferes with the stickiness of platelets to preven bloot clots Example: clopidogrel (Plavix) ticlopidine (Ticlid), aspirin (ASA) |
| Fibrinolytics | Action: Clot-buster to dissolve blood blots Example: TNK, tPA |
| Hypoglycemics | Action: Lowers blood glucose levels by causing beta cells of the pancreas to release insulin Example: glyburide (Diabinese), Glucophage, Amaryl |
| Insulin | Action: Lowers blood glucose Example: Lantus, Humulin, Novolin |
| Laxative | Action: Relieves constipation Example: Metamucil powder, Dulcolax |
| Muscle relaxant | Action: relieves muscle spasms Example: Robaxin, Norflex, Parafles, Skelaxin, Valium |
| Vasodilator | Action: Relaxes smooth muscle inside vessel walls to cause dilation Example: isosorbide dinitrate (Isordil, nitroglycerin |
| Vasopressor | Action: Causes contraction of the smooth muscles of the vessel walls (increases BP) Example: Neo-Synephrine, norepineprhine (Levophed) |
Created by:
cskinner
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