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Kasey2004 Flashcards
Chapter 4
Question | Answer |
---|---|
angi/o | vessel |
aort/o | aorta |
ateri/o | atery |
ateriol/o | ateriole |
ather/o | fatty/plaque |
cardi/o | heart |
coron/o | heart |
ech/o | sound |
electr/o | electrical |
ischi/o | deficiency/blockage |
man/o | pressure |
my/o | muscle |
necr/o | death |
phleb/o | vein |
sphygm/o | pulse |
steth/o | chest |
thromb/o | clot |
ven/o | vein |
venul/o | venule |
a | without |
brady | slow |
endo | within |
pan | all |
peri | around |
poly | many |
tachy | fast |
ectasis | dilatation/stretching |
gram | xray/record/picture |
graph | instrument that records |
graphy | technique of recording |
ia | condition |
megaly | enlargement |
meter | measuring instrument |
metry | process of measuring |
osis | abnormal condition |
pathy | disease |
plasty | surgical repair/reconstruction |
clerosis | hardening |
stasis | stopping/controlling |
stenosis | narrowing |
atria | upper chambers of the heart |
ventricles | lower chambers of the heart |
septum | muscular wall which divides the heart muscle into right and left side |
epicardium | outer layer of the heart |
myocardium | middle, thick, muscular layer of the heart |
endocardium | inner layer of the heart |
sinoatrial node (SA node) | the pacemaker where the electrical impulse of the hear originates |
atrioventricular node (AV node) | located between the right atrium and right ventricle |
Bundle of His | transmission of electrical impulses to both ventricles of the heart |
circulation | movement of blood through vessels throughout the body |
pulmonary circulation | circulation between the heart and the lungs |
systemic circulation | circulation of blood between the heart and the rest of the body |
superior vena cava | one of the two largest veins of the body |
inferior vena cava | one of the largest veins in the body |
tricuspid valve | valve located between the right atrium and right ventricle |
chordae tendinae | strong fibrous bands that attach the corners of the heart valves to the muscles of the lower heart chambers |
papillary muscles | are attached to the undersurfaces of the valve cusps, also contract pulling open the valve |
pulmonary valve | a valve consisting of three semilunar cusps separating the pulmonary trunk from the right ventricle |
pulmonary artery | transports deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs |
oxygenation | process by which waste filled blood is exchanged for oxygen rich blood in the lungs |
pulmonary vein | vessel that returns oxygenated blood to the heart |
bicuspid valve | valve between the left ventricle; also know as the mitral valve |
aortic valve | valve between the left ventricle and the aorta |
aorta | largest artery on the body |
arteries | carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to various parts of the body |
arterioles | small vessels branching off from ateries |
capillaries | small vessels branching off from arterioles |
sphygmomanometer | instrument used to measure blood pressure |
stethoscope | an instrument used to hear and amplify the sounds made by the heart, lungs, and other internal organs |
systole (systolic blood pressure) | pressure in the vessels as the heart is contracting |
diastole (diastolic pressure) | the pressure in the vessels when the heart is at rest, between contractions |
cardiology | the branch of medicine that studies the function and disorders of the heart |
cardiologist | a physician who specializes in diseases and disorders of the cardiovascular system |
electrocardiogram (EKG, ECG) | graphic record of the electrical activity of the heart |
angina pectoris | chest pain related to stress, exercise, extreme cold; constriction of blood vessels |
angiography | x-ray picture of the heart blood vessels |
arteriosclerosis | hardening of the arteries |
arteriosclerotic heart disease | heart disease caused by hardening of arteries |
atherosclerosis | narrowing/hardening of arteries as fat deposits on walls of vessels |
cardiac arrest | sudden stoppage of the heart |
cardiac catherization | procedure where a catheter is guided through a vein or artery into the hear and x-ray pictures are taken |
cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) | life saving procedure used after heart stoppage, involves artificial respiration and manual external compression of the heart |
congestive heart failure | disease process in which the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the needs of the tissues |
coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) | surgical procedure whereby a blocked artery is bypassed using a vein |
coronary artery disease (CAD) | abnormal condition which can affect the arteries of the heart |
echocardiogram | procedure using sound waves to visualize the heart |
hypertension | high blood pressure |
myocardial infarction (MI) | heart attack; insufficient blood supply to heart muscle causes death to the affected area |
vasocontriction | narrowing of a vessel due to constriction |
bradycardia | slow heart rate |
bundle branch block (BBB) | electrical impulse to either right or left bundle branch is interrupted |
fibrillation | atria or ventricles rapidly and incompletely contract due to chaotic electrical activity |
palpitation | fluttering/abnormal throbbing of heart |
paroxysmal atrial tachycardia (PAT) | begins and ends suddenly, where there is a rapid atrial contraction |
premature atrial contraction (PVC) | ventricles contract too early |
premature atrial contraction (PAC) | atria contracts too early, before anticipated time |
tachycardia | rapid heart rate/above 100 per minute |
ventricular fibrillation | ventricles contract randomly without coordination, life threatening |
ventricular tachycardia | ventricles contract rapidly at about 150-200 times per minute |