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Unit 2 Test-Dr. Herr
Chemistry, Dr. Herr, physical science
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| subatomic particles: proton, neutron, electron | positive, neutral, negative charges |
| atomic number | number of protons |
| atomic mass | number of protons+neutrons |
| isotopes | same # protons, different number neutrons |
| valence electrons when n=1 | max of 2 s electrons |
| valence electrons when n=2 | 3 possible pairs of electrons ("p" level) |
| outer level of electrons | never more than 8 |
| periodic table came from Mendeleev | elements arranged in in increasing atomic # |
| Chemical families | I. alkali metals II. alkali earths B. Transition elements VII. Halogens VIII. Nobel gases |
| metals give up electrons | they become positive (cations) |
| nonmetals take electrons | they become negative (anions) |
| ionic bonds | formed when oppositely charged ions are formed |
| electronegativity | increases towards Fluorine |
| semi-conductors | elements that are at the metal/non-metal border |
| ionic compounds | a cation (metal) and an anion (nonmetal) join from opposite ends of the chart. metal listed first and nonmetal ends w/ -ide |
| covalent bonds | electrons are shared between two elements near each other on chart (usually non-metals) |
| examples of covalent bonds | atmospheric gases, water, organic compounds, and ionic complexes |
| metallic bonds | special sharing of electrons among many molecules of same element |
| chemical rxns | reactants on left → products on right, reaction energy above arrow, indicate phase produced |
| a MOLE | the atomic mass expressed in grams |
| Acids | non-metals combine w/ H and when dissolved in H2O H ions are released |
| Bases | metals combine w/ OH and when dissolved in H2O, OH (hydroxyl) ions are released |
| pH scale | measures the amount of H+ in a solution. neutral water is a 7. <7 is Acid and >7 is Base |
| Acid/Base reaction | both the acid and base are neutralized and form a salt |
Created by:
courtney_b90
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