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Pathoquiz2

patho hemo, immmune

QuestionAnswer
15-A3) as the first line of defense, __________immunity consists of physical, chemical, molecular and cellular defenses innate
15-A4) ______________immunity is the second major immune defenses adaptive, acquired
15-A5) substances that elicit adaptive immune responses are called ________ antigens
15-A6) ____________ immunity generated by B lymphocytes is mediated by molecules called antibodies and is the principal defense against extracellular microbes and toxins humoral
15-A7) _________ immunity is mediated by specific T lymphocytes and defends against intracellular microbes such as viruses Cell mediated
15-A8) Dendritic cels and __________ function as antigen presenting cells for adaptive immunity macrophages
15-A9) The key cells of innate immunity are __________, and __________ neutrophils and macrophages
15-A10) ________________are the early responding cells of innate immunity neutrophils
15-A11) During the inflammation response, the monocytes leaves the blood vessel, transforms into a tissue __________, and phagocytoses bacteria , damaged cells and tissue debris macrophages
15-A12) ____ cells and _____cells are the only cells in the body capable of specifically recognizing antigenic determinants of microbial and other pathogens B and T
15-A14) ________ cells are specialized, bone marrow derived leukocytes found in lymphoid tisssue that are impportant intermediaries between innate and adaptive immune systems dendritic
15-A22) __________ immunity depends on maturation of B lymphocytes into plasma cells which produce and secrete antibodies humoral
15-F1) natural killer cells are specialized lymphocytes that are one of te major parts of which type of immunity? innate
15-F2) Both innate and adaptive immunity have cells that produce cytokines. Cytokines mediate the actions of many cells in both innate and adaptive immunity, How are the actions of cytokines described? pleiotropic and redundant
15-F3) Stem cells in the bone marrow produce T lymphocytes or T cells and release them into the vascular system. The T cells then migrate to where to mature? Thymus
15-F5) Passive immunity is immunity that is transferred from another source and lasts only weeks to months. What is an example of passive immunity? injection of Immunoglobulin
15-F9) The daughter of a 79 year old woman asks the nurse why her mother gets so many infections, why does she get sick so often any more as people age, their immune system does not respond as well
15-F11) ______________ or immunogens are substances are foreign to the host that can stimulate an immune response antigens
11-A1) white blood cells include the _______, the monocytes/macrophages, and lymphocytes granulocytes
11-A2) T lymphocytres mature in the ___________ thymus
11-A3) the b lymphocytes differentiate to form immunoglobulin producing __________ plasma
11-A7) T lymphocytres travel to the thymus where they differentiate into ________helper cells and _________ Cd4 , Cd8
11-A9) _______denotes the virtual absence of neutrophils agranulocytosis
11-C1) what is the role of the neutrophils first line response to inflamation
11-e4) incedence of drug induced neutropenia has significantly risen over the last several decades, what is reason treatment of cancers by chemotherapeutic drugs
11-A10) early signs of infections of __________ include mild skin lesions stomatititis neutropenia
11-A11) __________is a self limitiing lymphoproliferaing disorder caused by Epstien Barr Virus mononucleosis
11-A12) ________ can involve lymphocytes, granulocytes, and other blood cells leukemias
11-A13) ____originate in peripheral lymphoid structures such as nodes, where T and B lymphocytes undergo differentiation and proliferatrion lymphomas
11-A14) _______ cell lymphomas are the most common type of lymphoma in the wedstern world B
11-A15) Four variant of classical Hodgkins lymphoma have been described as _____sclerosis, mixed cellularity, ______-rich, and lymphocyte depleted nodular sclerosis, lymphocyte rich
) 5 steps of Hemeostasis vessel spasm, platelet plug, blood coagulation, clot retraction, clot dissolution
12-A1) The term __________ refers to the stoppage of blood flow hemostasis
12-A2) platelets have a cell membrane but no ______ and cannot reproduce nucleus
12-A6) The _________ is a stepwise process resulting in the conversion of the soluble plasma protien fibrinogen, into fibrin coagulation cascade
12-A7) most of the coagulation protiens are synthesized in the __________ liver
12-A15) a reduction in platelet number is _______ thrombocytopenia
12-A20) In liver disease, production of ______is reduced, bleeding may result platelet
12-E1) Hemophilia A is a ____________ressesive disorder that primarily affects males sex linked
12-F3) Anticoagulant drugs prevent thrombolytic disorders How does warfarin act on the body? alters vitamin K reducing its ability to PARTICIPATE IN COAGULATION
12-F4) Heparin is an anticoagulant given by injection to prevent the formation of blood cloots. How does Heparin work? promotes the inactivation of clotting factors
12-F10) Disseminated intravascular coagulation is a grave coagulopathy resulting from overstimulation of clotting anf the anticipation of what?? disease or injury (hypertension, poisonous snake bites, septicemia)
12-F13) _______ is a natural mucopolysaccharide anticoagulant that occurs in the lungs and intestinal mucosa heparin
) _________destruction may be caused by antiplatelet antibodies, resulting in thrombocytopenia clotting factors
13-A2) the rate at which hemoglobin is synthesized depends on the availability of ___________ for heme synthesis iron
13-A3) Duruing its transformation from a normoblast to reticulocyte, the RBC accumulates hemoglobin as the ___________ condenses nucleus
13-A4) Mature RBC's have a life span of approx. ________months 4
13-A10) ____________ is defined as abnormally low number of circulating RBC's or level of Hemoglobin anemia
13-F1) where does iron from hemoglobin go after being destroyed is spleen bone marrow
13-F2) Billirubin is the pigment of bile and is made when RBC's die there are two types of billirubin that can be measured in the blood what does the lab rebort them as conjugated, unconjugated
13-f3) neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is an increased level of bilirubun in the infants blood. Characterized by what?? yellow jaundiced color
16-A1) Under normal conditions, the________ deters or prevents dis-ease. immune response
16-A2) __________ can be defined as an abnormality in the immune system that renders a person susceptible to diseases normally prevented by an intact immune system immunodeficiency
16-A3) the _______immune system is composed of the phagocytic leukocytes, natural killer cells and compliment protiens innate
16-A4) the __________ immune response is composed mainly of T and b cells AND RESPONDS TO INFECTIONS MORE SLOWLY, BUT MORE SPECIFICALLY THAN THE INNATE ADAPTIVE
16-A5) the adaptive immune system is further divided into the ___ and ______ immune systems humoral, cellular
16-A8) during the first few months of life, infants are protested from infection by IgG antibodies that originate in_______________circulation during fetal life maternal
16-A22) Type I hypersensitivity reactions to antigens are reffered to as ___________ allergic reactions
16-A23) _________ is a systematic life threatening hypersensitivity reaction characterized by widespread edema, vascular shock,secondary to vasodilationand difficulty breathing anaphlaxis
16-A28) _____hypersensitivity reactions are responsible for vasculitis seen in certain autoimmune diseases such as Lupus, or kidney damage seen with acute glomuleronephritis type III
16-G1) infants are born with passive immunity from which immunoglobulin IgG
16-F6) the immune system typically responds to invaders of all types in our bodiesIt can also cause tissue damage and disease, what is this called? hypersensitivity reactions
16-F7) some people are so sensitive to certain antigens that they react within minutes by developing itching , hives, skin erythrema followed shortly thereafter by bronchospasm and respiratory distrss. What kind of reaction is this? anaphalactic reaction
Created by: jrjct1
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