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Animal Diversity 4e
Ch. 8: Acoelomate Bilateral Animals: Flatworms, Ribbon Worms, and Jaw Worms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| While most of the platyhelminths are free living or endoparasites, which one of the following taxa has an ectoparasitic life cycle? | Monogenea |
| Members of phylum Platyhelminthes are called flatworms because their bodies are flattened | dorsoventrally |
| Cells that secrete mucus in the epidermis of the Turbellaria are called | rhabdites |
| The body of the parasitic flatworms is covered in a syncytial layer called | a tegument. |
| The cells that form a meshwork filling the spaces between muscles and organs that develops from mesoderm is called | parenchyma |
| A cuticle is different from a tegument in that a cuticle is _______,while a tegument is | dead, alive. |
| While the previous phyla have used intracellular digestion, within these three phyla extracellular digestion is the norm. Extracellular digestion means that | proteolytic enzymes are secreted into the gut. |
| Another name for a protonephridium is a | flame cell. |
| Protonephridia function in | osmoregulation. |
| The nervous system of the flatworms has sensory, motor, and association nerves, and it is organized into a ________ pattern. | ladderlike |
| Light-sensitive sense organs in the flatworms are called | ocelli. |
| Sense organs that respond to changes in water current directions are the | in the intertidal and shallow water zones. |
| While a few of the approximately 650 species of the phylum Nemertea live in moist soil or in fresh water, most of them are found | Monogenea |
| Which of the following groups includes ectoparasites of fish and amphibians? | Trematoda |
| The animals that are leaf-shaped endoparasites, have a tegument, and have complex life cycles are members of the class | proglottids |
| Cestodes are monoecious and lack a digestive tract. The reproductive units of the cestodes are called | strobila, scolex. |
| Which of the following organisms is a blood fluke? | Worms of the genus Schistosoma. |
| Members of phylum Nemertea, in general, are most like members of class | Turbellaria. |
| The rhynchocoel is a cavity that contains the | proboscis |
| In the digenetic trematodes, the first or invertebrate host is called the _________ and the second or final host, which is usually a vertebrate, is called the _________ host. | intermediate, definitive |
| True/False: The pork tapeworm isFasciolopsis hepatica. | False |
| True/False: The human liver fluke, Clonorchis sinensis, is common in China, and can cause cirrhosis of the liver and death. | True |
| True/False: The fact that some parasites have a first or intermediate host, and a final or definitive host, is reflected in the class name Digenea. | True |
| True/False: The best-known turbellarian is the planarian, which is often used in the laboratory. The generic name of this organism is Clonorchis. | False |
| True/False: The sense organs of the flatworm that help the organism maintain its equilibrium are called rheoreceptors. | False |
| True/False: While most members of class Turbellaria are monoecious, the nemerteans are typically dioecious. | True |
| True/False: Most of the species of phylum Gnathostomulida have been found living between grains of sand or silt. | True |
| True/False: The members of the phylum Gnathostomulida share a characteristic with rotifers because they both have grinding jaws. | True |
| True/False: Nemerteans have a complete digestive tract. | True |
| True/False: The term proglottid is only used when referring to the cestodes. | True |
| True/False: The parenchyma is different from mesoglea, as it is cellular, and is mesodermal in origin. But, because there is no cavity in this area around the gut, these worms are considered to be acoelomate. | True |
| True/False: Neodermata is a taxonomic name proposed for the trematodes, monogeneans, and cestodes, as they have a unique tegument. | True |
| True/False: In some turbellarians, the yolk that provides nutrition for the developing embryo is contained within the egg cell, a condition known as ectolecithal. | False |
| True/False: Members of the order Acoela are very unusual turbellarians, if indeed they do belong in this group, as they have no gut, and food is digested intracellularly. | True |
| True/False: Turbellarians are the only flatworms that may be both terrestrial and free-living. | True |
| True/False: Building the Aswan High Dam in Egypt has increased the prevalence of schistosomiasis, as it has created more habitats for the snail, which is the intermediate host. | True |
| Cladistic analysis indicates that the class _____ is paraphyletic and will therefore probably be further divided into many more taxa. | Turbellaria |
| The jaw and pharynx of the Gnathostomulida are quite similar to those of the ____ . | Rotifera |
| True sucker, especially in flukes and leeches; the socket in the hip bone that receives the thigh bone | acetabulum |
| Without a coelom, as in flatworms and proboscis worms | acoelomate |
| Class? mostly free-living in aquatic or moist terrestrial environments; some are symbiotic or parasitic | Turbellaria |
| Class? flukes all parasitic | Trematoda |
| Class? tapeworms all parasitic | Cestoda |
| Platyhelminthes | Flatworms |
| Nemertea | ribbon worms |
| Gnathostomulida | Jaw worms |
Created by:
maidmarian4
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